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作者对大连地区1990—1995年2,158名赴非洲陆上和海作业的劳务人员,感染疟疾的情况以及预防投药的效果,进行了回顾性调查和分析。感染疟疾1,321例,感染率为61.21%;归国后有106例疟疾复发,复发率为8.02%。在陆地作业时间长的感染率高,在海上作业时间长的感染率低。进行了预防投药人数为1,175,疟疾感染572例,感染率为48.68%。其中能按要求服预防药的419名,疟疾感染19例,感染率为4.53%;不按要求服预防药的人数为756,感染疟疾553例,感染率为73.14%。从未服药预防的人数为983人,感染疟疾749例,感染率为76.19%。由此可以明显地看出按要求进行预防服药的和未进行预防服药的疟疾感染率差异显著(P<0.01)。不按要求进行预防服药的与未进行预防投药的疟疾感染率无明显差异(P>0.05)。这说明了进行有效的预防投药能够大大降低疟疾的发病率,起到积极保护作用,是预防疟疾感染的可行措施,尤其是大连等无疟区的旅行人员到非洲等高疟区更应做好疟疾感染的预防和自我保健。
The author conducted a retrospective survey and analysis of 2,158 labors engaged in land and sea operations in Africa during 1990-1995 in Dalian, malaria cases and preventive drug delivery. 1,321 cases of malaria infection, the infection rate was 61.21%; after returning 106 cases of malaria relapse, the recurrence rate was 8.02%. High rates of infection during long hours on land and low rates of infection during long hours at sea. There were 1,175 doses of prophylaxis and 572 cases of malaria infection, with an infection rate of 48.68%. Among them, 419 can be used as prophylactic drugs, 19 cases of malaria infection, the infection rate was 4.53%; 756 cases were not required to take preventive medicine, 553 cases of malaria infection, the infection rate was 73.14%. The number of people who never took medication was 983 and 749 were infected with malaria. The infection rate was 76.19%. From this it can be clearly seen that there was a significant difference (P <0.01) in the rate of malaria infection with and without prophylaxis. There was no significant difference (P> 0.05) in the rate of malaria infection between the non-prophylactic and non-prophylactic doses. This shows that effective preventive administration can greatly reduce the incidence of malaria and play an active protective role. It is a feasible measure to prevent malaria infection. In particular, travelers with no malaria endemic areas such as Dalian should do well in areas such as high malaria in Africa Prevention and self-care of malaria infections.