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目的探索早年慢性应激对青春期病理性攻击大鼠空间学习记忆能力,及对海马脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)、5-羟色胺(5-HT)水平的影响。方法将20只雄性、出生后21d的Sprague-Dawley大鼠分为实验组、对照组,每组各10只。实验组大鼠采用孤养、昼夜颠倒、非奖赏性挫败、预激惹刺激、居住-入侵攻击等多种早年持续性应激方法持续到青春期。然后采用居住-入侵攻击实验检测两组青春期大鼠的攻击性,水迷宫实验观察其空间学习记忆能力,运用免疫组化方法检测大鼠海马内BDNF和5-HT水平。结果 (1)水迷宫实验:实验组大鼠在总路程、穿越目标区域次数、逃避潜伏期3项指标上与对照组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而中心区域路程/总路程比值与对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。(2)免疫组化结果显示:与对照组比较,实验组大鼠海马内BDNF和5-HT免疫阳性神经元数量均减少(P<0.05),BDNF和5-HT表达降低。结论 BDNF和5-HT可能参与了青春期病理性攻击大鼠海马空间学习记忆能力的调控,并在空间学习记忆方面起着重要调控作用。
Objective To explore the effects of early chronic stress on spatial learning and memory in rats with adolescent pathological challenge and the effects of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) in hippocampus. Methods Twenty male Sprague-Dawley rats 21 days after birth were divided into experimental group and control group, with 10 rats in each group. The rats in the experimental group continued to adolescence with a variety of early-stage persistent stress methods such as solitary day and night, reversal of day and night, non-rewarding defeat, pre-provocation stimulation and residence-intrusion attack. The living-invading attack experiment was used to detect the aggressiveness of adolescent rats. The water maze test was used to observe the spatial learning and memory ability. The levels of BDNF and 5-HT in the hippocampus were detected by immunohistochemistry. Results (1) Water maze test: There were significant differences between the experimental group and the control group in the total distance, the number of crossing the target area and the escape latency (P <0.05), while the ratio of distance / There was no significant difference in the control group (P> 0.05). (2) Immunohistochemistry results showed that compared with the control group, the number of BDNF and 5-HT positive neurons in the hippocampus of the experimental group were decreased (P <0.05), while the expression of BDNF and 5-HT decreased. Conclusion BDNF and 5-HT may be involved in the regulation of spatial learning and memory in the hippocampus of adolescent pathologically challenged rats and play an important regulatory role in spatial learning and memory.