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目的了解2011年新疆喀什地区传染病发病和流行特点,探讨预防与控制策略,为今后控制传染病疫情提供科学依据。方法利用2011年新疆喀什地区各类医疗卫生机构的法定传染病报告资料,采用描述性流行病学方法进行统计分析。结果 2011年新疆喀什地区法定传染病共报告36 179例,年发病率为909.16/10万,较2010年发病率(778.27/10万)上升16.82%,报告死亡95例,年死亡率2.39/10万,较2010年死亡率(2.07/10万)上升15.45%。喀什地区12个县(市)1～12月均有病例报告,无明显聚集性;发病年龄主要在15～55岁,占传染病总数的55.88%;男性与女性发病无明显差异,男女发病性别比1.05∶1;职业以农民为主,占61.72%。结论需加强综合性防治措施,积极开展疫情追踪、管理工作。结核病在喀什地区流行依然严重,结核病引起的疾病负担仍然是较为突出的社会问题,应加强农村地区的肺结核防治工作。
Objective To understand the incidence and epidemic characteristics of infectious diseases in Kashgar region of Xinjiang in 2011 and to explore preventive and control strategies to provide a scientific basis for future control of infectious disease outbreaks. Methods According to the reported data of notifiable infectious diseases of various medical and health institutions in Kashgar region in 2011, the descriptive epidemiological methods were used for statistical analysis. Results A total of 36 179 cases of notifiable infectious diseases were reported in Kashgar in Xinjiang in 2011 with an annual incidence of 909.16 / 100 000, an increase of 16.82% from the incidence in 2010 (778.27 / 100000). There were 95 reported deaths and an annual mortality rate of 2.39 / 10 Million, up 15.45% from the 2010 death toll (2.07 / 100,000). There were no case reports in 12 districts (cities) in Kashgar from January to December. The age of onset was mainly from 15 to 55 years old, accounting for 55.88% of the total number of infectious diseases. There was no significant difference between men and women, Than 1.05: 1; occupation mainly farmers, accounting for 61.72%. Conclusion The comprehensive prevention and treatment measures should be strengthened and the follow-up and management of epidemic situation should be actively carried out. The epidemic of tuberculosis in Kashgar region is still serious. The burden of disease caused by tuberculosis remains a prominent social problem. Tuberculosis prevention and control should be strengthened in rural areas.