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[目的]探讨一般孕妇群体孕早期先天性心脏病(CHD)相关环境因素的发生变化规律,为CHD病因预防提供科学依据。[方法]问卷调查2007年12月～2008年12月在广西贵港市3所医院进行常规孕检的2335名孕妇孕早期CHD危险因素的发生情况。分析危险因素在孕早期1～12孕周发生率的变化规律。[结果]先兆流产、饮酒、新发疾病、服用药物、药物静脉点滴、感冒在第5～10孕周处于较高暴露水平,这些因素在孕早期中发生率呈现的变化规律为一般随着孕周的增加而上升,至第4孕周上升速度加快,除感冒外,发生率在第5～7孕周达到高峰后,呈现下降的趋势。感冒发生率在第4孕周加速上升后,在此后的孕周中仍保持在较高水平。[结论]一般孕妇群体在孕早期中CHD相关环境因素发生存在一定的变化规律,开展CHD预防工作应掌握不同危险因素的发生变化规律,采取有针对性的干预措施进行。
[Objective] To investigate the change regularity of environmental factors related to congenital heart disease (CHD) in general pregnant women and provide a scientific basis for the prevention of CHD. [Method] Questionnaire survey The incidence of CHD risk factors in 2335 pregnant women during the first trimester of pregnancy in three hospitals in Guigang, Guangxi from December 2007 to December 2008. Analysis of risk factors in the first trimester gestational week 1 to 12 weeks the incidence of changes. [Results] Threatened abortion, alcohol consumption, new onset of disease, taking drugs, intravenous drip, cold in the 5th to 10th gestational weeks at a higher level of exposure, the incidence of these factors in the early pregnancy showed a regular pattern of change with the pregnancy Week of increase and rise to the fourth gestational week rise faster, except for colds, the incidence in the 5th to 7th gestational week peaked, showing a downward trend. After the first 4 weeks of gestation, the incidence of colds accelerated to a higher level during the following gestational weeks. [Conclusion] The prevalence of CHD-related environmental factors in the general pregnant women population during the first trimester varies a lot. The prevention and treatment of CHD should grasp the changing rules of different risk factors and take targeted interventions.