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为对辽宁省长海县虾夷扇贝大规模死亡的可能性致病因子进行研究,于2010年3～10月在辽宁省长海县虾夷扇贝养殖海区进行虾夷扇贝大规模死亡的流行病学调查,结合电镜检测、病原粗提和人工感染试验等实验方法,发现患病虾夷扇贝器官的结缔组织细胞和间质细胞中存在一种球形病毒,可引起相应的病理学变化。但人工感染实验结果显示,感染实验组濒死扇贝未表现出与自然海区发病扇贝相同的临床症状,不同温度条件下,感染组与空白对照组的扇贝死亡率差异不大(P>0.05),该病毒粒子可能不是导致虾夷扇贝大规模死亡的直接病原。室内养殖实验结果显示:17℃养殖实验组死亡率明显高于其它3个温度梯度养殖实验组(P<0.01)。结合流行病学调查数据表明,高温可能是导致虾夷扇贝大规模死亡的主要原因之一,而17℃很可能就是虾夷扇贝开始大规模死亡的起始温度。
In order to study the risk factors of large-scale death of Scallop shrimp Scallop in Changhai County of Liaoning Province from March to October in 2010, the epidemiological investigation of large-scale death of Scallop scallop , Combined with electron microscopy, rough pathogen and artificial infection test and other experimental methods, found that diseased Eupheiss organs connective tissue cells and interstitial cells in a spherical virus, can cause the corresponding pathological changes. However, the results of artificial infection experiment showed that the moribund scallops did not show the same clinical symptoms as the scallops in the natural sea area. The mortality of scallops in infected and blank control groups was not significantly different under different temperature conditions (P> 0.05) The virion may not be the direct cause of the large-scale death of the yacon scallop. Laboratory experiments showed that the mortality rate in the experimental group at 17 ℃ was significantly higher than that in the other three experimental groups (P <0.01). According to the epidemiological survey data, high temperature may be one of the major causes of large-scale death of Scallop Scallop, while 17 ℃ is probably the starting temperature of large-scale death of Scallop scallop.