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化学改良是一种有效改善土壤物理化学特征的土壤盐碱地改良方法,为将化学改良与膜下滴灌和增加土壤肥力相结合,该文通过滴灌施加硝酸钾并对土壤水盐分布特征进行分析,研究了0～30cm耕作层内3种施K质量浓度400、800、1000mg/L及5种(连续、滴水-滴施硝酸钾溶液、滴施硝酸钾溶液-滴水、滴施硝酸钾溶液-滴水-滴施硝酸钾溶液、滴水-滴施硝酸钾溶液-滴水)施K方式下土壤盐分及离子的分布特征。结果表明,随着外源钾素的滴入土壤,改变了土壤耕作层内离子的组成,Ca2+、Mg2+浓度相对增加、Na+浓度降低;阴离子SO42-浓度增加,Cl-浓度降低;高施K浓度下耕作层内的总盐、钠吸附比(SAR)、Cl-/SO42-减小,滴水-滴施硝酸钾溶液施K方式下的SAR、Cl-/SO42-最小,说明滴施硝酸钾在土壤耕作层内有明显的土壤改良效果,其施K质量浓度为1000mg/L及滴水-滴施硝酸钾溶液施K方式下脱盐效果最好。
Chemical improvement is an effective way to improve soil physical and chemical characteristics of soil salinization. In order to combine chemical modification with drip irrigation under submerged membrane and increase soil fertility, this paper applied potassium nitrate drip irrigation and analyzed the characteristics of soil water and salt distribution. In 0 ~ 30 cm tillage layer, three kinds of K application concentration 400,800,1000mg / L and five kinds of continuous (drip - drip potassium nitrate solution, dripping potassium nitrate solution - dripping, dripping potassium nitrate solution - drip - Dispersion of Potassium Nitrate Solution, Drip - Potassium Nitrate Solution - Drip) K Distribution of Soil Salinity and Ions. The results showed that with the dropping of exogenous potassium into the soil, the composition of ions in the tillage layer was changed. The concentrations of Ca2 +, Mg2 + and Na + decreased with the increase of anion concentration of SO42- and Cl-. Total salt, sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) and Cl- / SO42- in the lower tillage layer decreased, and SAR and Cl- / SO42- in the dripping-dripping KNO 3 solution were the least, Soil tillage layer obvious soil improvement effect, its K concentration of 1000mg / L and drip - dripping potassium nitrate solution K desalt the best way.