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史前人口的估算对于了解人类社会发展具有重要意义。青海东部史前文化遗迹丰富、序列完整。文中根据考古资料和GIS工具,构建墓葬和遗址面积两种模式来计算青海东部史前人类分布的密集区和核心区人口数量,提出以不同方法计算结果为主,辅之以社会与环境因素的考量综合人口估算模式,来研究区域史前人口变化。结果表明:研究区人口在新石器伊始就具一定规模,达到7600余人;新石器晚期人口达到最大值,当时人口约为36000人,4000aBP以后人口数量锐减,进入青铜时代,人口规模略有恢复,达到12000人左右;环境变化应该是本区人口演变的重要驱动力之一。
Estimation of prehistoric population is of great importance for understanding the development of human society. Prehistoric cultural relics are rich in eastern Qinghai, complete sequence. According to archaeological data and GIS tools, two models of tombs and ruins area are constructed to calculate the population of the densely populated and core areas of prehistoric human in the east of Qinghai. Proposed by different methods, the results are mainly based on social and environmental factors Comprehensive population estimation model to study the regional prehistoric population changes. The results showed that the population of the research area was at the beginning of the Neolithic period with a scale of more than 7,600. The population of the late Neolithic reached the maximum at that time, with a population of about 36,000 at the time. The population dropped sharply after 4000a BP. , Reaching 12,000 people; environmental change should be one of the important driving forces for the evolution of the population in this area.