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目的 :通过检测血管活性肠肽 (VIP) ,P物质 (SP)在正常和自发性高血压大鼠耳蜗中的表达 ,以探讨VIP、SP在高血压性内耳疾病中的作用。方法 :2 0只自发性高血压大鼠为高血压组 ,2 0只正常Wistar大鼠为正常组 ,测试两组动物听性脑干反应 (ABR)阈值 ;然后将动物分别行心脏灌流固定 ,制备内耳标本 ,计数螺旋神经节细胞 ;采用免疫组织化学方法 (SABC法 )观察VIP、SP的表达 ,并进行图像分析。结果 :高血压组基底转螺旋神经节细胞计数明显少于正常组 ,其差异有统计学意义 (P <0 .0 1)。螺旋神经节细胞的胞质中和血管纹处有VIP和SP阳性表达 ;螺旋神经节细胞的胞质中VIP和SP的含量两组差异无统计学意义 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;在血管纹处VIP的含量高于正常组 ,差异有统计学意义 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,而SP的含量两组差异无统计学意义 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论 :VIP不仅参与耳蜗微循环的神经体液性调节 ,还可能是听觉传导通路的神经递质 ;而SP可能仅是听觉传导通路的神经递质。
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of VIP and SP in hypertensive inner ear diseases by detecting the expression of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and substance P (SP) in the cochlea of normal and spontaneous hypertensive rats. Methods: Twenty male spontaneously hypertensive rats were selected as hypertensive group and 20 normal Wistar rats as normal group. The threshold of ABR was measured in both groups. Then the animals were fixed by cardiac perfusion, The inner ear specimens were prepared and the spiral ganglion cells were counted. The expression of VIP and SP was observed by immunohistochemical method (SABC method), and the images were analyzed. Results: The basal ganglionic ganglion cell counts in hypertension group were significantly less than those in normal group (P <0.01). There were VIP and SP positive expression in the cytoplasm and vascular stria of spiral ganglion cells. There was no significant difference in the content of VIP and SP in the cytoplasm of spiral ganglion cells between the two groups (P> 0.05) The content of VIP in the pattern area was higher than that in the normal group (P <0.05), while the content of SP had no significant difference between the two groups (P> 0.05). Conclusion: VIP not only participates in neuromuscular regulation of cochlear microcirculation, but also may be the neurotransmitter of auditory conduction pathway. SP may only be the neurotransmitter of auditory conduction pathway.