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采用溶胶-凝胶方法制备无机纳米杂化聚酰亚胺(PI),应用同步辐射小角X射线散射(SAXS)方法研究不同组分杂化PI薄膜的界面特性与分形特征.研究结果表明散射曲线不遵守Porod定理,形成负偏离,说明薄膜中有机相与Al2O3纳米颗粒间存在界面层,界面层厚度在0.54nm到1.48nm范围内;随无机纳米组分增加,界面层厚度增加,有机相与无机相作用变强;无机纳米颗粒同时具有质量分形和表面分形特征,其分布、集结是一种非线性动力学过程;随组分增加,其质量分形维数降低,表面分形维数升高,即纳米颗粒结构变疏松、质量分布变得不均匀,有机高分子链对无机纳米颗粒锚定作用加强且锚点数增加,表面变得更加粗糙.最后,利用逾渗理论与介质的电极化理论,结合杂化PI界面特性,解析了组分对杂化薄膜击穿场强的影响.
Inorganic nano-hybrid polyimide (PI) was prepared by sol-gel method, and the interfacial properties and fractal characteristics of different hybrid PI films were investigated by synchrotron radiation small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). The results show that the scattering curve Failure to follow the Porod’s theorem, resulting in a negative deviation, indicating that there is an interface layer between the organic phase and the Al2O3 nanoparticles in the film, the interface layer thickness in the range of 0.54nm to 1.48nm; with the increase of inorganic nano-components, the interfacial layer thickness increases, Inorganic nano-particles have a stronger effect on the inorganic phase. The inorganic nano-particles have both mass fractal and surface fractal characteristics. The distribution and aggregation of the inorganic nano-particles are a nonlinear dynamic process. With the increase of the components, the mass fractal dimension decreases and the surface fractal dimension increases, That is to say, the structure of the nanoparticle becomes loose and the mass distribution becomes uneven, and the anchoring effect of the organic polymer chain to the inorganic nanoparticles is enhanced and the number of anchor points is increased, and the surface becomes more rough.Finally, by using the theory of percolation and the theory of electrode polarization, Combined with the characteristics of hybrid PI interface, the influence of composition on the breakdown field of hybrid films was analyzed.