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作为晚近兴起的协商民主理论的规范性内核,宪法商谈体现了立宪政体的民主追求,是民主法治国实现协同治理的重要承诺。对于国家治理而言,宪法不仅是多元主体进行商谈的价值共识与行为准则,而且为转化政治分歧、实现多元主体的持续性合作提供了基本的结构性框架。中西学者建构的宪法商谈规范模型为推动我国立宪政体的稳健运行提供了有益启示:关注宪法文本,以完善违宪审查制度为中心增进权力机关的宪法商谈;改革人大议事规则,引入辩论机制,促进人大代表与社会民众的宪法商谈;尊重公民权利,建立公民宪法论坛,培育共和国公民的观念性宪法世界;落实信息公开等配套制度,保障宪法商谈的程序正义,构建程序合理、环节完整的社会主义协商民主制度体系。
As the normative core of the late-coming consultative democracy theory, the constitutional negotiations embody the democratic pursuit of constitutional government and are an important commitment to realize the coordinated governance in democratic and legal states. As far as state governance is concerned, the Constitution is not only a value consensus and a code of conduct for negotiations between pluralistic entities, but also provides a basic structural framework for transforming political differences and achieving sustained cooperation among multiple entities. The normative model of constitutional negotiation constructed by Chinese and Western scholars provides useful enlightenment for promoting the steady operation of constitutional government in our country: paying attention to the constitutional text, improving constitutional consultation of the organs of power by improving the system of reviewing the constitutionality; reforming the rules of procedure of the NPC, introducing the debate mechanism and promoting the NPC Representation and constitutional consultation with the public at large; Respect for civil rights; Establishment of a forum for citizen constitution; Cultivation of a conceptual constitutional world for citizens of the Republic; Implementing such supporting systems as information disclosure and safeguarding the procedural justice of the constitutional negotiations; Constructing a socialist process with reasonable procedures and complete links Democracy system.