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目的了解南京市白下区5岁以下儿童主要死因。方法对2008—2012年5岁以下儿童死亡病例资料进行回顾性分析。结果 2008—2012年共监测活产婴儿22 665例,5岁以下儿童死亡率为3.93‰,呈下降趋势。婴儿死亡80例,其中新生儿占81.25%。婴儿、新生儿主要死因是早产或低出生体重、发育畸形、先天性心脏病及其他呼吸系统疾病;1～4岁儿童主要死因是溺水、意外窒息和败血症等。结论降低5岁以下儿童死亡率应以婴儿尤其是新生儿为重点对象。
Objective To understand the main causes of death of children under 5 years old in Baixia district of Nanjing city. Methods Retrospective analysis of the deaths of children under 5 years of age from 2008 to 2012 was conducted. Results A total of 22 665 live births were monitored during 2008-2012, with a mortality rate of 3.93 ‰ for children under 5 years of age, showing a decreasing trend. 80 cases of infant deaths, of which 81.25% of newborns. The main causes of death in infants and newborns are premature or low birth weight, deformities, congenital heart disease and other respiratory diseases. The main causes of death in children aged 1 to 4 are drowning, accidental suffocation and sepsis. Conclusion Reducing the mortality rate of children under 5 years of age should focus on infants, especially newborns.