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以氩氢混合保护气GMAW焊接电弧为研究对象,依据流体动力学和电磁学理论构建了电弧的数学模型。使用有限元分析软件进行了热、电磁和流场的耦合计算,研究了二维稳态轴对称氩氢混合保护气下的GMAW焊接电弧形态,得到了Ar:H_2=3:1(摩尔比)混合气体保护下不同工艺参数焊接电弧的温度场、速度场、压力场和电势的分布特征,并与纯氩保护下GMAW焊接电弧特征进行对比。结果表明,加入氢气作为保护气体,电弧最高温度、速度、压力和电势都明显提高。另外,与纯氩相比,弧柱的高温区在中心轴线处更集中,且焊接电弧能量密度更高。
Argon-hydrogen mixed protective gas GMAW arc welding as the research object, based on the fluid dynamics and electromagnetism theory to build a mathematical model of the arc. The coupling calculation of heat, electromagnetism and flow field was carried out by finite element analysis software. The shape of GMAW welding arc under two-dimensional steady-state axisymmetric argon-argon mixed gas was studied. The Ar (superscript 2+) The distribution characteristics of temperature field, velocity field, pressure field and electric potential of welding arc with different process parameters under mixed gas protection are compared with the welding arc characteristics of GMAW under pure argon protection. The results show that with the addition of hydrogen gas, the maximum temperature, velocity, pressure and potential of arc are obviously increased. In addition, the higher temperature zone of the arc column is more concentrated at the central axis than pure argon and the energy density of the welding arc is higher.