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物质在射线和高能粒子的作用下,它的化学性质会发生变化,进行分解,生成新的化合物,或者发生氧化、还原和聚合、解聚等过程。这些都是一门新的科学——辐射化学的研究范围。辐射化学近年来正在迅速发展,它的发展是与和平利用原子能的事业有密切联系的。在原子反应堆中,构成反应堆设备的各种材料,经常受到强射线和中子的照射;浓缩铀工厂和处理裂变产物的工厂中的各种设备,也经常受到强射线的照射。在射线和中子的照射下,各种金属、合金的结构、可塑性及机械性能都会发生变化。因此,在原子能工业中,研究金属、合金等材料在射线照射下发生的变化是非常重要的。苏联科
Under the action of ray and high-energy particles, the substance will change its chemical properties, decompose, generate new compounds, or undergo oxidation, reduction and polymerization, depolymerization and other processes. These are all new scientific-radiological chemistry research areas. Radiation chemistry has been developing rapidly in recent years. Its development is closely linked to the peaceful use of atomic energy. In an atomic reactor, various materials that make up reactor equipment are often exposed to strong rays and neutrons; various equipment in factories that enrich uranium and factories that handle fission products are also often exposed to strong rays. Under the irradiation of rays and neutrons, the structure, plasticity, and mechanical properties of various metals and alloys will change. Therefore, in the atomic energy industry, it is very important to study the changes of metals, alloys, and other materials under irradiation of radiation. Soviet Union