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滑动变阻器的教学是初三物理变阻器一节中的重点和难点。多年来,我们总感到教师难教,学生难懂,教学效果不够理想。究其原因有:(一)部件众多(瓷管、电阻线圈、金属杆、滑片,四个接线柱等),学生第一次接触这么多零件,眼花缭乱。要解释清楚每个零件的作用(绝缘漆的作用,金属杆的电阻等),又影响了突出“滑动变阻器作用方法”这个重点。(二)传统的教法是教师包揽了课堂,学生只是机械地接受。而将原理结构的讲解和连接方法的教学截然分开,又增加了学生学习的难度。为了提高教学效果,突破难点,笔者采取了如下做法:
The teaching of sliding rheostats is the key and difficult point in the third section of the physical rheostat. Over the years, we have always felt that teachers are difficult to teach, students are difficult to understand, and teaching results are not ideal. The reasons are: (a) a large number of components (porcelain tube, resistance coils, metal rods, slides, four terminals, etc.), students touched so many parts for the first time, dazzling. To explain clearly the role of each part (the role of insulating paint, metal rod resistance, etc.), but also affect the prominent “sliding rheostat role method” this focus. (b) The traditional teaching method is that the teacher takes the class and the students only accept it mechanically. The separation of the explanation of the principle structure and the teaching of the connection method has increased the difficulty of student learning. In order to improve the teaching effect and break through the difficulties, the author took the following approach: