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小麦多抗育种中抗病性鉴定是关键,选择多种小麦病害流行区作为抗病性鉴定的自然病圃,不仅可以降低育种成本,而且鉴定结果较可靠。在小麦赤霉病非常发区,小麦正季播种时可以采用颖壳内花粉囊残留量鉴定法,再结合在贵阳、昆明的夏繁小麦直接鉴定小麦赤霉病,鉴定结果较可靠。因为这些地区夏繁小麦严重发生赤霉病,比正季播种的小麦赤霉病大流行年还重。由于现在的小麦锈病和白粉病的绝大多数抗源属于垂抗类型,所以杂种F_1和F_2应把抗病性作为唯一选择性状,F_2代以后把抗病性与综合丰产性和优质结合起来进行选择,可以取得较好的效果。在小麦蜡熟中后期对多种病害的抗性一次进行鉴定,并可与丰产性选择结合起来,不仅鉴定快速,而且效果好。
The identification of disease resistance in wheat multi-resistance breeding is the key. Selecting a variety of wheat disease endemic areas as natural disease-resistant nurseries can not only reduce the breeding cost but also provide more reliable identification results. In the area where wheat scab is endemic, wheat apples can be appropriated for the determination of the amount of residual pollen sacs in the seasons, and the direct identification of wheat scab in the summer and spring wheat in Guiyang and Kunming is more reliable. Because of the serious head blight of summer wheat in these areas, it is still heavier than the wheat head blight planted in the season. Since most of the resistances to wheat rust and powdery mildew now belong to the type of vertical resistance, hybrids F_1 and F_2 should be disease resistant as the only selective trait. After F_2, disease resistance combined with comprehensive high yield and quality Choose, you can get better results. In the late ripening of wheat wax on a variety of disease resistance once identified and can be combined with the high yield of choice, not only the identification of fast, and the effect is good.