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通过多年试验,研究黄腐酸对小麦的生理作用及在节水栽培上的应用。试验证明,冬小麦叶面喷施,可以缩小叶片气孔开张度、抑制叶片蒸腾、提高叶片保水能力,维持较高土壤水含量,使植株在水分逆境条件下保持较高水势,增强根系活力,保持上部叶片较长的功能期和较高的光合能力,为籽粒灌浆打下基础。研究证明FA的生理活性有效期可达20天左右,突破了以往认为只有12天的观点。不同品种对FA叶面喷施的反应存在一定差异,以后期抗逆性强、落黄好的品种应用效果更好。叶面喷施以在旱地或限水灌溉条件下增产效果较好,亩增小麦一般30公斤/亩(10％)以上,而且在限水条件下,可以达到节约20～30方/亩水的效果。主要原因是促进籽粒物质积累增加千粒重而节水增产。拌种或FA溶液培养均能促进种子吸水,强化物质向根芽的运转,从而缩短出苗所需时间,促进根系发育、增强分檗能力、增加光合面积,培育壮苗为后期籽粒生产奠定良好营养基础,增粒增重而增产。这些生理作用研究为首次报道。增产一般20公斤/亩以上,以耐旱品种应用效果更好。研究提出了FA应用技术,并明确了FA在小麦上拌种应用20克/10公斤种即可获得明显效果,比以往提出的40克用量可节约50％。
Through years of experiments, the physiological effects of fulvic acid on wheat and its application in water-saving cultivation were studied. The experiment proves that the spraying of winter wheat leaves can reduce the opening degree of leaf stomata, restrain the leaf transpiration, increase the leaf water retention capacity, maintain the high soil water content, keep the plant under high water stress condition, increase the root vigor and maintain the upper part The long functional period and higher photosynthetic capacity of leaves lay the foundation for grain filling. Studies have shown that FA physiological activity of up to 20 days or so, breaking the previous view that only 12 days point of view. Different varieties of FA foliar spraying response there are some differences in the late resistance strong, good yellow fall varieties better. Foliar application to yield better yields under dry land or limited water irrigation, with wheat increased by more than 30 kg / acre (10%), and water saving of 20-30 m3 / acre effect. The main reason is to promote the accumulation of grain materials to increase grain weight and water saving and yield. Seed dressing or FA solution can promote seed water absorption, strengthen the material to root buds operation, thereby shortening the time needed for emergence, promote root development, enhance the ability of berberine, increase photosynthetic area, cultivate seedlings for the late grain production and lay a good nutrition Basis, grain weight gain and increase production. These physiological effects of the study for the first time reported. General increase of 20 kg / mu or more, with drought-tolerant varieties better effect. The FA application technology was put forward and it was clarified that the application of 20 g / 10 kg of FA in wheat seed dressing could obtain obvious effect, which could save 50% of the dosage of 40 g which was proposed in the past.