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局部进展期胃癌规范化淋巴结清扫(Dn 2)范围是胃癌外科治疗最重要的质控指标。超出标准淋巴结清扫范围是否能为患者带来生存获益,仍存争议。腹主动脉旁淋巴结不属于Dn 2淋巴结清扫范围,但是对伴有腹主动脉旁淋巴结转移病例,新辅助化疗后采取Dn 2+手术可以使患者获得较好的远期生存。肠系膜上静脉旁淋巴结(No.14v)被认为是区域淋巴结,No.14v淋巴结转移的患者接受Dn 2+淋巴结清扫,其预后明显优于仅接受Dn 2根治术的患者。No.14v不包括在Dn 2淋巴结清扫范围内,但是对临床诊断No.6淋巴结转移的病例,推荐采取Dn 2+淋巴结清扫。脾门淋巴结(No.10)也不属于Dn 2淋巴结清扫范围,当肿瘤浸润胃大弯侧,可以采取Dn 2+脾切除或No.10淋巴结清扫。胰头后组淋巴结(No.13)同样不属于Dn 2范围,但是远端胃癌侵犯十二指肠时,其转移率明显增高,也建议采取Dn 2+淋巴结清扫。清扫肝总动脉后方淋巴结(No.8p),可以提高患者的远期生存,但是缺乏循证医学证据。在围手术期治疗和微创时代,建议对cTn 3~4Nn 1Mn 0病例采取腹腔镜Dn 2淋巴结清扫,对cTn 3~4Nn 2~4Mn 0期病例采取SOX新辅助化疗+Dn 2手术+术后SOX辅助化疗模式。应该根据患者的具体病情和手术团队的经验,采取开放或腹腔镜Dn 2+手术。n “,”The standard lymphadenectomy (D2) is the most important quality control index for the surgical treatment of locally advanced gastric cancer (LAGC). It is debatable whether there is a survival benefit of extended lymphadenectomy beyond D2 dissection. Para-aortic lymph nodes are not included in the range of D2 lymph node dissection. However, the patients with para-aortic node metastasis can get better survival after neoadjuvant chemotherapy and D2+ surgery. Lymph nodes along the superior mesenteric vein (No.14v) are considered as regional nodes, and the prognosis of patients with No.14v metastasis treated with D2+ lymph node dissection is significantly better than that of stage Ⅳ patients undergoing only D2 dissection. No.14v was not included in the D2 lymph node dissection paradigm. In case with nodal metastases in No.6 group, D2+ dissection is recommended. Lymph nodes at the splenic hilum (No.10) are not included in the range of D2 dissection, when the tumor infiltrates the greater curvature of the stomach, D2+ splenectomy or No.10 nodal dissection should be performed. Lymph nodes on the posterior surface of pancreatic head (No.13) do not belong to the D2 range, but the rate of metastasis is significantly higher when distal gastric cancer invades the duodenum, D2+ lymphadenectomy is recommended. Lymph node dissection in the posterior group of the common hepatic artery (No.8p) can improve the patient\'s long-term survival, but there is no support from of evidence-based medicine. In the era of perioperative treatment and minimally invasive surgery in China, open or laparoscopic D2 lymphadenectomy is recommended for cT3-4N1M0 patients and SOX neoadjuvant chemotherapy plus D2 surgery plus SOX adjuvant chemotherapy should be carried out for patients with cT3-4N2-4M0. Depending on the patient\'s condition and the experience of the surgical team, open or laparoscopic surgery can be performed.