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目的了解开封市麻疹流行特点,为预防控制麻疹提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学的方法分析2006年-2008年开封市麻疹疫情的特点,并对发病时间分布进行轮廓分析。结果6年间麻疹流行趋势经历了2005年发病高峰至2006年达到了发病新低,于2008年达到了发病率的新高。麻疹病例分布广泛,流行模式以散发和暴发并存,发病主要集中在尉氏县、兰考县、杞县和开封县,属小年龄发病模式。发病季节主要集中在4-6月;病例中有75%的无免疫史或免疫不详史,21%未完成两剂次麻疹免疫接种。结论加强开封市麻疹常规免疫和复种工作,针对暴发乡镇和易患儿童开展相应的强化免疫活动,提高麻疹监测系统监测质量和监测指标的完成。
Objective To understand the epidemic characteristics of measles in Kaifeng and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of measles. Methods Epidemiological methods were used to analyze the characteristics of measles epidemics in Kaifeng from 2006 to 2008, and the outbreak profiles were analyzed. Results The prevalence of measles in the past six years experienced a peak incidence in 2005 and reached a new low in 2006, reaching a new high in 2008. Measles cases are widely distributed, with the epidemic mode of distribution and outbreak coexist, the incidence mainly concentrated in Weishi County, Lankao County, Qi County and Kaifeng County, is a minor age pattern. The season of onset was mainly in April-June; 75% of cases had no history of immunization or no known history of immunization and 21% did not complete two doses of measles immunization. Conclusions The routine immunization and multiple cropping of measles in Kaifeng City will be strengthened. Corresponding intensified immunization activities will be carried out for the outbreak towns and susceptible children, and the monitoring quality of measles monitoring system and the completion of monitoring indicators will be improved.