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近年来,在经济快速发展,居民收入显著提高的同时,不同群体间的收入差距继续扩大。如何努力扭转收入差距扩大的问题备受关注。为了定量分析影响收入差距的因素,本文运用泰尔指数,不仅从宏观角度分析了地区间经济发展对收入差距的影响,而且从微观角度,根据劳动者的就业、文化、职业、行业、性别和年龄情况,对收入差距进行分解。测算结果表明,由于地区经济发展的同步推进,区域经济总量和财力平衡发展弱化了地区差异引起的居民收入差异。从微观因素看,就业情况和文化程度对居民收入差距的影响较大,且程度逐渐扩大;行业和职业对收入差距的影响依然存在,但趋于平稳;性别和年龄对居民收入差距的影响较小,并趋于减弱。
In recent years, with the rapid economic development and remarkable increase in resident income, the income gap among different groups has continued to widen. The issue of how to work hard to reverse the widening income gap has drawn much attention. In order to quantitatively analyze the factors affecting the income gap, this article uses the Theil index not only to analyze the impact of inter-regional economic development on the income gap from a macroscopic perspective, but also to analyze the employment gap between the regions according to the employment, culture, occupation, industry, Age, the income gap decomposition. The results show that, due to the simultaneous development of regional economy, the balance of regional economic output and the balance of financial resources have weakened the income gap caused by regional differences. From the micro-factors, employment and education levels have a greater impact on the income gap, and the degree of gradual expansion; the impact of industry and occupation on the income gap still exists, but tends to be stable; the impact of gender and age on the income gap Small and tend to weaken.