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目的了解本市职业暴露人群高致病性禽流感病毒的感染状况和该病毒在环境中的分布情况,提高本市监测水平,及时发现人禽流感疫情。方法对阳泉市城区、矿区、郊区、平定县、盂县5个县区职业暴露人群抽样调查,问卷调查的同时采集调查对象的咽拭子和环境标本。荧光定量PCR对咽拭子和环境标本进行A型流感核酸检测,A型流感病毒核酸阳性标本进一步行亚型检测。结果监测职业暴露人群251名,54.18%的从业者经常接触死禽,接触死禽人群中67.65%没有任何防护措施,所有职业暴露人群A型流感核酸检测阴性。50份环境标本中在活禽市场检出H9亚型禽流感2份,阳性率为4%。结论阳泉市职业暴露人群未发现A型流感病毒隐性感染,活禽市场存在H9亚型禽流感,应加强对活禽市场的科学管理。
Objective To understand the infectious status of HPAI in the occupationally exposed population and the distribution of the virus in the environment in this city, to improve the monitoring level in this Municipality and to detect the outbreak of human bird flu in time. Methods Sampling and surveys were conducted on occupational exposure population in 5 districts and districts of Yangquan city, mining area, suburbs, Pingding County and Yuxian County. Throat swabs and environmental specimens were collected simultaneously. Fluorescence quantitative PCR was used to detect type A influenza nucleic acid in throat swabs and environmental samples, and type A influenza virus nucleic acid positive samples were further subtyped. Results There were 251 occupational exposure groups, 54.18% practitioners had regular contact with dead birds, and 67.65% of those exposed to dead birds had no protective measures. The negative results of influenza A nucleic acid test were found in all occupationally exposed groups. Two out of 50 environmental samples were detected in live poultry market, the positive rate was 4%. Conclusion No positive influenza A virus was found in the occupational exposure population of Yangquan City. There was H9 subtype of avian influenza in live poultry market, and the scientific management of live poultry market should be strengthened.