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【摘要】生学习英语，教师也要学习英语。教师要站在学生的角度考虑学生，理解学生学习英语知识、准备考研的心理。硕士研究生入学考试是继高考后比较重要的全国性考试，所有的专业都需要英语考试，很受广大考生和社会各界的重视。
【关键词】硕士研究生入学英语考试 解剖学 英语词汇
全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题，2013年～2004年中的10年，从2005年起增加了一个新题型阅读文章，从7个备选答案中，选择出5个，choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered blank.
1.SectionⅠ Use of English
2013年：英语单词约262个。2012年：英语单词约253个。2011年：英语单词约270个。2010年：英语单词约259个。2009年：英语单词约262个。2008年：英语单词约251个。2007年：英语单词约242个。2006年：英语单词约232个。2005年：英语单词约255个。可以看出词汇量在250个左右。
2.SectionⅡ Reading Comprehension
Part A：2013年：Text 1英语单词约423个；Text 2英语单词约433个；Text 3英语单词约477个；Text 4英语单词约412个。2012年：Text 1英语单词约438个；Text 2英语单词约432个；Text 3英语单词约443个；Text 4英语单词约443个。2011年：Text 1英语单词约422个；Text 2英语单词约439个；Text 3英语单词约417个；Text 4英语单词约464个。2010年：Text 1英语单词约435个；Text 2英语单词约434个；Text 3英语单词约450个；Text 4英语单词约431个。2009年：Text 1英语单词约419个；Text 2英语单词约403个；Text 3英语单词约447个；Text 4英语单词约406个。2008年：Text 1英语单词约421个；Text 2英语单词约409个；Text 3英语单词约428个；Text 4英语单词约401个。2007年：Text 1英语单词约419个；Text 2英语单词约447个；Text 3英语单词约451个；Text 4英语单词约418个。2006年：Text 1英语单词约406个；Text 2英语单词约461个；Text 3英语单词约433个；Text 4英语单词约431个。2005年：Text 1英语单词约430个；Text 2英语单词约420个；Text 3英语单词约471个；Text 4英语单词约400个。可以看出在4篇阅读理解文章中，每篇文章的词汇量在450个左右。
Part B：2013年：英语单词约352 256=608个。2012年：英语单词约481 232=713个。2011年：英语单词约565个。2010年：英语单词约610个。2009年：英语单词约284 221=405个。2008年：英语单词约352 321=673个。2007年：英语单词约45 524=569个。2006年：英语单词约480 193=673个。2005年：英语单词约400 289=689个。可以看出词汇量在400～720个之间。
Part C：2013年：英语单词约421个。2012年：英语单词约422个。2011年：英语单词约404个。2010年：英语单词约416个。2009年：英语单词约405个。2008年：英语单词约403个。2007年：英语单词约400个。2006年：英语单词约403个。2005年：英语单词约395个。可以看出词汇量在380-430个之间。
3.SectionⅢ Writing
Part A：2013～2005年：信件、邮件、通知作文，100左右个单词。Part B： 2013～2005年：图画作文，160～200左右个单词。
4.比较难于理解的句子
如2013年，SectionⅠ Use of English：For example，he theorized that a judge fearful of appearing too soft on crime might be more likely to send someone to prison if he had already sentenced five or six other defendants only to forced community service on that day.另一句This might sound small，but to undo the effects of such a decrease a candidate would need 30 more GMAT points than would otherwise have been necessary. SectionⅡ Reading Comprehension ：
Part A中Text 3中的For example ，the Long Now Foundation has its flagship project a medical clock that is designed to still be marking time thousands of years hence. Text 4中的In effect，the White House claimed that it could invalidate any otherwise legitimate state law that it disagrees with. Part B中的The problem is not necessarily the amount of available funding. Part C中的The gardens of the homeless which are in effect homeless gardens introduce from into an urban environment where it either didn’t exist or was not discernible as such. 2012年，SectionⅡ Reading Comprehension ： Part A中Text 2中的In 2006，the state went a step further，requiring that any extension of the plant’s license be subject to Vermont legislature’sapproval.另一句But had Entergy kept its word，that debate would be beside the point.
Text 3中的Prior knowledge and interest influence what we experience，what we think our experiences mean，and the subsequent actions we take. Part B中的But for all the reasons there are to celebrate the computer，we must also tread with caution.
2011年，SectionⅠ Use of English：Ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle viewed laughter as “a bodily exercise precious to health”.另一句But because hard laughter is difficult to sustain，a good laugh is unlikely to have measurable benefits the way，say，walking or jogging does.另一句Those forced to exercise their smiling muscles reacted more exuberantly to funny cartoons than did those whose mouths were contracted in a frown，suggesting that expressions may influence emotions rather than just the other way around.SectionⅡ Reading Comprehension ： Part A中Text 2中的A turbulent business environment also has senior managers cautious of letting vague pronouncements cloud their reputations.另一句I can’t think of a single search I’ve done where a board has not instructed me to look at sitting CEOs first. Text 3中的Consumers passionate about a product may create “owned”media by sending e-mail alerts about products and sales to customers registered with its Web site.The way consumers now approach the broad range of factors beyond conventional paid media. Text 4中的“I Love My Children， I Hate My Life”is arousing much chatter-nothing gets people talking like the suggestion that child rearing is anything less than a completely fulfilling，life-enriching experience. Part B中的Equally unsurprisingly，only about half end up with professorships for which they entered graduate school. Part C中的The upside is the possibilities contained in knowing that everything is up to us；where before we were experts in the array of limitations，now we become authorities of what is possible.
2010年： SectionⅠ Use of English：An awareness that they were being experimented upon seemed to be enough to alter workers’behavior by itself.Ⅱ Reading Comprehension ：Part A中Text 1中的It is，I suspect，difficult to the point of impossibility for the average reader under the age of forty to imagine a time when high-quality arts criticism could be found in most big-city newspapers.另一句Newman wrote，“that I am tempted to define‘journalism’as‘a term of contempt applied by writers who are not read to writers who are’.”Text 3中的With the exception of a few celebrities like Oprah Winfrey-whose outsize presence is primarily a function of media，not interpersonal，influence-even the most influential members of a population simply don’t interact with that many others.另一句If people in the network just two degrees removed from the initial influential prove resistant，for example，the cascade of change won’t propagate very far or affect many people.Text 4中的These rules say they must value some assets at the price a third party would pay，not the price managers and regulators would like them to fetch. Part B中的Retail sales of food and drink in Europe’s largest markets are at a standstill，leaving European grocery retailers hungry for opportunities to grow. Part C中的Time was when biologists somewhat overworked the evidence that these creatures preserve the health of game by killing the physically weak，or that they prey only on “worthless”species.另一句Some species of trees have been “read out of the party”by economics-minded foresters because they grow too slowly，or have too low a sale valve to pay as timber crops.In Eurrope，where forestry is ecologically more advanced，the noncommercial tree species are recognized as members of the native forest community，to be preserved as such，within reason. 2009年：SectionⅠ Use of English：Intelligence，it turns out，is a high-priced option.It takes more upkeep，burns more fuel and is slow off the starting line because it depends on learning –a gradual process-instead of instinct.另一句Instead of casting a wistful glance backward at all the species we’ve left in the dust I.Q.-wise，it implicitly asks what the real costs of our own intelligence might be.Ⅱ Reading Comprehension ： Part A中Text 1中的Rather than dismissing ourselves as unchangeable creatures of habit，we can instead direct our own change by consciously developing new habits.另一句“But we are taught instead to ‘decide’，just as our president calls himself ‘the Decider’.”Text 2中的All he needs to do is shell out﹩30 for a paternity testing kit （PTK） at his local drugstore-and another﹩120 to get the results.另一句Among the most popular：paternity and kinship testing，which adopted children can use to find their biological relatives and families can use to track down kids put up for adoption.另一句Critics also argue that commercial genetic testing is only as good as the reference collections to which a sample is compared. Text 3中的A lack of formal education，however，doesn’t constrain the ability of the developing world’s workforce to substantially improve productivity for the foreseeable future.On the contrary，constraint on improving productivity explain why education isn’t developing more quickly there than it is. Part C中的Only gradually was the by-product of the institution noted，and only more gradually still was this effect considered as a directive factor in the conduct of the institution.另一句The need of training is too evident；the pressure to accomplish a change in their attitude and habits is too urgent to leave these consequences wholly out of account.Since our chief business with them is to enable them to share in a common life we cannot help considering whether or not we are forming the powers which will secure this ability.
2008年：SectionⅠ Use of English：He helped popularize the idea that some diseases not previously thought to have a bacterial cause were actually infections，which aroused much controversy when it was first suggested.另一句They also suffer more often than most people from a number of nasty genetic diseases，such as breast cancer.Ⅱ Reading Comprehension ： Part A中Text 2中的No longer.The Internet- and pressure from funding agencies，who are questioning why commercial publishers are making money from government-funded research by restricting access to it-is making access to scientific results a reality. Text 3中的The bodies playing major professional sports have changed dramatically over the years，and managers have been more than willing to adjust team uniforms to fit the growing numbers of bigger，longer frames. Text 4中的That’s far different image from the cherry-tree-chopping George most people remember from their history books.另一句More than anything，the historians say，the founders were hampered by the culture of their time. Part B中的The time for sharpening pencils，arranging your desk，and doing almost anything else instead of writing has ended.The first draft will appear on the page only if you stop avoiding the inevitable and sit，stand up，or lie down to write.另一句To make revising easier，leave wide margins extra space between lines so that you can easily add words，sentences，and corrections.另一句It’s worth remembering，however，that though a clean copy fresh off a printer may look terrific，it will read only as well as the thinking and writing that have gone into it.另一句Instead of including that paragraph，she added one that described Lengel’s crabbed response to the girls so that she could lead up to the A
【关键词】硕士研究生入学英语考试 解剖学 英语词汇
全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题，2013年～2004年中的10年，从2005年起增加了一个新题型阅读文章，从7个备选答案中，选择出5个，choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered blank.
1.SectionⅠ Use of English
2013年：英语单词约262个。2012年：英语单词约253个。2011年：英语单词约270个。2010年：英语单词约259个。2009年：英语单词约262个。2008年：英语单词约251个。2007年：英语单词约242个。2006年：英语单词约232个。2005年：英语单词约255个。可以看出词汇量在250个左右。
2.SectionⅡ Reading Comprehension
Part A：2013年：Text 1英语单词约423个；Text 2英语单词约433个；Text 3英语单词约477个；Text 4英语单词约412个。2012年：Text 1英语单词约438个；Text 2英语单词约432个；Text 3英语单词约443个；Text 4英语单词约443个。2011年：Text 1英语单词约422个；Text 2英语单词约439个；Text 3英语单词约417个；Text 4英语单词约464个。2010年：Text 1英语单词约435个；Text 2英语单词约434个；Text 3英语单词约450个；Text 4英语单词约431个。2009年：Text 1英语单词约419个；Text 2英语单词约403个；Text 3英语单词约447个；Text 4英语单词约406个。2008年：Text 1英语单词约421个；Text 2英语单词约409个；Text 3英语单词约428个；Text 4英语单词约401个。2007年：Text 1英语单词约419个；Text 2英语单词约447个；Text 3英语单词约451个；Text 4英语单词约418个。2006年：Text 1英语单词约406个；Text 2英语单词约461个；Text 3英语单词约433个；Text 4英语单词约431个。2005年：Text 1英语单词约430个；Text 2英语单词约420个；Text 3英语单词约471个；Text 4英语单词约400个。可以看出在4篇阅读理解文章中，每篇文章的词汇量在450个左右。
Part B：2013年：英语单词约352 256=608个。2012年：英语单词约481 232=713个。2011年：英语单词约565个。2010年：英语单词约610个。2009年：英语单词约284 221=405个。2008年：英语单词约352 321=673个。2007年：英语单词约45 524=569个。2006年：英语单词约480 193=673个。2005年：英语单词约400 289=689个。可以看出词汇量在400～720个之间。
Part C：2013年：英语单词约421个。2012年：英语单词约422个。2011年：英语单词约404个。2010年：英语单词约416个。2009年：英语单词约405个。2008年：英语单词约403个。2007年：英语单词约400个。2006年：英语单词约403个。2005年：英语单词约395个。可以看出词汇量在380-430个之间。
3.SectionⅢ Writing
Part A：2013～2005年：信件、邮件、通知作文，100左右个单词。Part B： 2013～2005年：图画作文，160～200左右个单词。
4.比较难于理解的句子
如2013年，SectionⅠ Use of English：For example，he theorized that a judge fearful of appearing too soft on crime might be more likely to send someone to prison if he had already sentenced five or six other defendants only to forced community service on that day.另一句This might sound small，but to undo the effects of such a decrease a candidate would need 30 more GMAT points than would otherwise have been necessary. SectionⅡ Reading Comprehension ：
Part A中Text 3中的For example ，the Long Now Foundation has its flagship project a medical clock that is designed to still be marking time thousands of years hence. Text 4中的In effect，the White House claimed that it could invalidate any otherwise legitimate state law that it disagrees with. Part B中的The problem is not necessarily the amount of available funding. Part C中的The gardens of the homeless which are in effect homeless gardens introduce from into an urban environment where it either didn’t exist or was not discernible as such. 2012年，SectionⅡ Reading Comprehension ： Part A中Text 2中的In 2006，the state went a step further，requiring that any extension of the plant’s license be subject to Vermont legislature’sapproval.另一句But had Entergy kept its word，that debate would be beside the point.
Text 3中的Prior knowledge and interest influence what we experience，what we think our experiences mean，and the subsequent actions we take. Part B中的But for all the reasons there are to celebrate the computer，we must also tread with caution.
2011年，SectionⅠ Use of English：Ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle viewed laughter as “a bodily exercise precious to health”.另一句But because hard laughter is difficult to sustain，a good laugh is unlikely to have measurable benefits the way，say，walking or jogging does.另一句Those forced to exercise their smiling muscles reacted more exuberantly to funny cartoons than did those whose mouths were contracted in a frown，suggesting that expressions may influence emotions rather than just the other way around.SectionⅡ Reading Comprehension ： Part A中Text 2中的A turbulent business environment also has senior managers cautious of letting vague pronouncements cloud their reputations.另一句I can’t think of a single search I’ve done where a board has not instructed me to look at sitting CEOs first. Text 3中的Consumers passionate about a product may create “owned”media by sending e-mail alerts about products and sales to customers registered with its Web site.The way consumers now approach the broad range of factors beyond conventional paid media. Text 4中的“I Love My Children， I Hate My Life”is arousing much chatter-nothing gets people talking like the suggestion that child rearing is anything less than a completely fulfilling，life-enriching experience. Part B中的Equally unsurprisingly，only about half end up with professorships for which they entered graduate school. Part C中的The upside is the possibilities contained in knowing that everything is up to us；where before we were experts in the array of limitations，now we become authorities of what is possible.
2010年： SectionⅠ Use of English：An awareness that they were being experimented upon seemed to be enough to alter workers’behavior by itself.Ⅱ Reading Comprehension ：Part A中Text 1中的It is，I suspect，difficult to the point of impossibility for the average reader under the age of forty to imagine a time when high-quality arts criticism could be found in most big-city newspapers.另一句Newman wrote，“that I am tempted to define‘journalism’as‘a term of contempt applied by writers who are not read to writers who are’.”Text 3中的With the exception of a few celebrities like Oprah Winfrey-whose outsize presence is primarily a function of media，not interpersonal，influence-even the most influential members of a population simply don’t interact with that many others.另一句If people in the network just two degrees removed from the initial influential prove resistant，for example，the cascade of change won’t propagate very far or affect many people.Text 4中的These rules say they must value some assets at the price a third party would pay，not the price managers and regulators would like them to fetch. Part B中的Retail sales of food and drink in Europe’s largest markets are at a standstill，leaving European grocery retailers hungry for opportunities to grow. Part C中的Time was when biologists somewhat overworked the evidence that these creatures preserve the health of game by killing the physically weak，or that they prey only on “worthless”species.另一句Some species of trees have been “read out of the party”by economics-minded foresters because they grow too slowly，or have too low a sale valve to pay as timber crops.In Eurrope，where forestry is ecologically more advanced，the noncommercial tree species are recognized as members of the native forest community，to be preserved as such，within reason. 2009年：SectionⅠ Use of English：Intelligence，it turns out，is a high-priced option.It takes more upkeep，burns more fuel and is slow off the starting line because it depends on learning –a gradual process-instead of instinct.另一句Instead of casting a wistful glance backward at all the species we’ve left in the dust I.Q.-wise，it implicitly asks what the real costs of our own intelligence might be.Ⅱ Reading Comprehension ： Part A中Text 1中的Rather than dismissing ourselves as unchangeable creatures of habit，we can instead direct our own change by consciously developing new habits.另一句“But we are taught instead to ‘decide’，just as our president calls himself ‘the Decider’.”Text 2中的All he needs to do is shell out﹩30 for a paternity testing kit （PTK） at his local drugstore-and another﹩120 to get the results.另一句Among the most popular：paternity and kinship testing，which adopted children can use to find their biological relatives and families can use to track down kids put up for adoption.另一句Critics also argue that commercial genetic testing is only as good as the reference collections to which a sample is compared. Text 3中的A lack of formal education，however，doesn’t constrain the ability of the developing world’s workforce to substantially improve productivity for the foreseeable future.On the contrary，constraint on improving productivity explain why education isn’t developing more quickly there than it is. Part C中的Only gradually was the by-product of the institution noted，and only more gradually still was this effect considered as a directive factor in the conduct of the institution.另一句The need of training is too evident；the pressure to accomplish a change in their attitude and habits is too urgent to leave these consequences wholly out of account.Since our chief business with them is to enable them to share in a common life we cannot help considering whether or not we are forming the powers which will secure this ability.
2008年：SectionⅠ Use of English：He helped popularize the idea that some diseases not previously thought to have a bacterial cause were actually infections，which aroused much controversy when it was first suggested.另一句They also suffer more often than most people from a number of nasty genetic diseases，such as breast cancer.Ⅱ Reading Comprehension ： Part A中Text 2中的No longer.The Internet- and pressure from funding agencies，who are questioning why commercial publishers are making money from government-funded research by restricting access to it-is making access to scientific results a reality. Text 3中的The bodies playing major professional sports have changed dramatically over the years，and managers have been more than willing to adjust team uniforms to fit the growing numbers of bigger，longer frames. Text 4中的That’s far different image from the cherry-tree-chopping George most people remember from their history books.另一句More than anything，the historians say，the founders were hampered by the culture of their time. Part B中的The time for sharpening pencils，arranging your desk，and doing almost anything else instead of writing has ended.The first draft will appear on the page only if you stop avoiding the inevitable and sit，stand up，or lie down to write.另一句To make revising easier，leave wide margins extra space between lines so that you can easily add words，sentences，and corrections.另一句It’s worth remembering，however，that though a clean copy fresh off a printer may look terrific，it will read only as well as the thinking and writing that have gone into it.另一句Instead of including that paragraph，she added one that described Lengel’s crabbed response to the girls so that she could lead up to the A