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本研究描述了糖甜菜根的初生结构、次生结构、三生结构和复生结构的发生与活动;通过对异常形成层发生过程的观察,认为糖甜菜在幼苗期已经奠定了直根加粗的结构基础。糖甜菜的产量即直根生长量,决定于多轮异常形成层的发生、活动,以及在整个生长期中环间薄壁组织细胞的不断分裂和长大。因此,深入研究这种异常生长,无论在理论上,还是在生产实践上,对提高糖甜菜产量都具有重要意义。关于糖甜菜根的解剖构造及其异常形成层的发生,国内外的报导,说法不一。K. 伊稍等认为由中柱鞘和韧皮部衍生,(1940)报导第一轮异常形成层,是由初生韧皮部和中柱鞘细胞分裂产生的韧皮维管束鞘形成的,进一步认为只有第一个维管束的分生组织环在靭皮维管束鞘区产生,而以后的分生组织环是由上一个环的韧皮部的薄壁细胞产生的。从解剖学角度看,这些说法显然不同。本研究从植物解剖学角度出发,对糖甜菜直根的解剖构造,尤其是异常形成层的产生和活动进行了观察和探讨。
In this study, we describe the occurrence and activity of the primary, secondary, tertiary and recurrent structures of sugar beet root. Based on the observation of the process of abnormal formation, we conclude that sugar beet has laid out the root-thickening Structural basis. The yield of sugar beet, ie, the amount of root growth, is determined by the occurrence and activity of multiple layers of anomalous formation and the continual division and growth of parenchyma cells throughout the growth phase. Therefore, in-depth study of this abnormal growth, both in theory and practice, is of great significance to improve sugar beet production. On the sugar beet root anatomical structure and the occurrence of abnormal formation, reports at home and abroad, different views. K. Yi et al. (19) reported that the first anomalous layer was formed by the bundling of phloem bundles produced by the division of primary phloem and pericycle cells. It is further believed that only the first Mesenteric meristem loops are created in the ligament sheath region of the phloem, whereas later meristem loops are produced by the phloem parenchyma of the previous ring. From the anatomical point of view, these claims are obviously different. In this study, from the perspective of plant anatomy, the anatomical structure of sugar beet root, especially the formation and activity of abnormal formation layer were observed and discussed.