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目的分析社区卫生服务中心卫生服务体系的现状,提出相关对策。方法2012年3月～5月通过对全国13个生、自治区、直辖市的卫生行政部门、区卫生局、社区卫生服务中心/站和社区居民进行问卷调查、小组访谈、现场考察以及政策分析等定性和定量研究方法收集资料,探究社区卫生服务中心卫生服务体系的现状和相关对策。结果截止至2011年全国社区服务机构数量较往年明显上升,服务费用得到控制,服务效率得到提高,多数社区卫生服务中心/站的软、硬件设施基本能够满足社区卫生服务的需要。但我国社区卫生服务发展仍存在着各地发展速度、规模不均衡,双向转诊机制不够通畅,社区卫生服务筹资和补偿机制有待进一步完善等问题。结论应继续强化政府责任和社区服务机构的公益性质,深化社区卫生综合改革,加强社区卫生人才队伍建设以及与医院和专业公共卫生机构的分工合作,完善社区卫生服务功能和模式,加强社区卫生人才队伍建设,加强对社区卫生服务的监督与管理,落实补偿机制,健全考核奖励机制。
Objective To analyze the status quo of health service system in community health service centers and put forward relevant countermeasures. METHODS: From March to May 2012, the questionnaires, group interviews, on-site visits, and policy analysis were conducted on the health administrative departments, district health bureaus, community health service centers/stations, and community residents in 13 provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government. Quantitative research methods are used to collect data and explore the current status of health service systems in community health service centers and related countermeasures. Results As of 2011, the number of community service agencies nationwide has increased significantly compared with previous years. Service costs have been controlled and service efficiency has been improved. The software and hardware facilities of most community health service centers/stations can basically meet the needs of community health services. However, there are still problems in the development of community health service in China, including the unbalanced development speed and scale, the lack of two-way referral mechanism, and the need to further improve the community health service financing and compensation mechanism. Conclusion It is necessary to continue to strengthen government responsibilities and the nature of public welfare for community service agencies, deepen the comprehensive reform of community health, strengthen the building of community health talents and the division of labor with hospitals and professional public health organizations, improve the functions and modes of community health services, and strengthen community health personnel. Contingent building, strengthen the supervision and management of community health services, implement the compensation mechanism, and improve the assessment and reward mechanism.