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目的:探讨老年自发性气胸临床特点。方法:回顾性分析58例老年自发性气胸患者临床资料,并与青少年气胸进行对比分析。结果:老年自发性气胸常见病因为慢性阻塞性肺疾病,以交通型、张力型气胸多见,易误诊、漏诊,易发生呼吸衰竭和心力衰竭,病死率高。结论:慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者出现呼吸困难加重,经支气管扩张剂、糖皮质激素应用及抗心力衰竭等治疗后症状不能缓解时,应考虑自发性气胸可能,早期行X线胸片检查确诊。积极控制感染、早期胸腔闭式引流是促使肺复张、预防并发症、降低病死率的关键。
Objective: To investigate the clinical features of elderly spontaneous pneumothorax. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 58 cases of elderly patients with spontaneous pneumothorax clinical data and comparative analysis of adolescent pneumothorax. Results: The common causes of spontaneous pneumothorax in elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, traffic type, tension pneumothorax more common, easily misdiagnosed, missed diagnosis, prone to respiratory failure and heart failure, high mortality. Conclusions: Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) may experience dyspneic problems. When symptoms such as bronchodilators, glucocorticoid therapy and anti-heart failure fail to be alleviated, spontaneous pneumothorax should be considered and early diagnosis by X-ray examination. Active control of infection, early thoracic drainage is to promote lung recruitment, prevention of complications, reduce the key to mortality.