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目的了解铜陵市不同人群艾滋病知识知晓状况,为有针对性地采取艾滋病防控措施提供依据。方法采取分层整群抽样的方法,共抽取城市居民、农村居民、校内青少年和农民工2 128名进行面对面的问卷调查。结果 4类人群艾滋病基本知识总体知晓率为64.8%,其中城市居民、农村居民、校内青少年、农民工的知晓率分别为84.7%、71.4%、52.3%、70.1%,差异有统计学意义(2χ=134.244,P=<0.001);调查对象对艾滋病血液传播途径的知晓率较高,而对性传播途径认识不足,仅有57.5%的人正确回答“只与一个性伴发生性行为可以减少艾滋病的传播”。对“蚊虫叮咬会传播艾滋病吗”的回答正确率只有38.3%;电视、报刊书籍、免费宣传材料是人们获得艾滋病相关知识的重要来源。结论铜陵市4类人群艾滋病防治知识知晓率均低于国家规划要求,加强艾滋病防控知识的健康教育,特别是对青少年等重点人群的健康教育应是艾滋病防控的重点工作之一。
Objective To understand the status of AIDS knowledge among different groups in Tongling City and provide the basis for targeted AIDS prevention and control measures. Methods A stratified cluster sampling method was adopted. A total of 2 128 urban residents, rural residents, school youth and migrant workers were sampled for face-to-face questionnaire survey. Results The overall awareness rate of basic HIV / AIDS knowledge among the four groups was 64.8%. The awareness rates of urban residents, rural residents, young people in school and migrant workers were 84.7%, 71.4%, 52.3% and 70.1%, respectively, with significant differences (2χ = 134.244, P = <0.001). There was a high rate of awareness about AIDS blood transmission among respondents but not enough understanding of the sexually transmitted disease. Only 57.5% of the respondents correctly answered that “sexual intercourse with only one partner can be reduced AIDS transmission ”. The answer to the question “Does mosquito bite spread AIDS?” The correct answer rate is only 38.3%. Television, newspapers and periodicals and free publicity materials are important sources of people’s access to AIDS-related knowledge. Conclusion The awareness rate of AIDS prevention and control among four groups of people in Tongling City is lower than the national planning requirements. Health education on HIV / AIDS prevention and control should be strengthened. Health education should be one of the focuses of HIV / AIDS prevention and control.