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(一)英国侵略者的挑衅当林则徐在广东进行禁烟运动时,中英双方的关系,仍然处在往返交涉的状态下。战争的发生,是由於英国侵略者的挑衅行为。一八三九年七月七日(道光十九年五月二十七日),有英国水兵在九龙附近的尖沙嘴村酗酒,棍杀村民林维喜。中英关系进一步的恶化。当时林则徐闻讯後,即派官令查理·义律(Charles Elliot)交出凶手,查理·义律拒不交凶,坚持照英国法律审办,作破坏中国司法权的试探。八月十二日(七月初四),查理·义律自行开庭审理,将五个水手处轻罚金及监禁了事,仍告中国不交凶。十五日(初七)林则徐邓廷桢即命令禁绝蔬菜食物运入澳门;并以澳门寓居之英人既不进口贸易,即不应逗留澳门为理由,驱逐查理·义律等出澳。自八月十七日(七月初九)到八月二十七日(七月十九日),一旬之间,查理·义律及在澳英人等五十七家,全部迁避出澳。
(1) The Provocation of the British Aggressors When Lin Zexu banned smoking in Guangdong, the relations between China and Britain are still in a state of reciprocity. The war took place because of the provocations of the British aggressors. On July 7, 1839 (Daoguang May 27, 1927), a British sailor was drinking alcohol in Tsim Sha Tsui Estate near Kowloon and killed the villager Lam Wai-hi. Sino-British relations have further deteriorated. When Lin Zexu heard about the incident, he dispatched officials to order the surrender of Charles Elliot, Charlie Righteous’s lawsuit, and perseverance of the trial according to English law as a test for sabotaging China’s judicial power. On August 12 (the fourth day of July), Charlie Justice handled the case on his own and fined and imprisoned the five sailors, still claiming that China did not pay fights. On the 15th (July 7), Lin Zexu and Deng Tingzhen ordered the banning of the transport of vegetables and vegetables to Macao; and the fact that the British people living in Macao neither entered the trade, that is, they should not stay in Macao for expulsion of Charlie Law. Since August 17 (July 9), August 27 (July 19) and January 10, all 57 such as Charlie Justice and the British people in Australia have escaped Australia.