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从历史看,国有企业作为一种官办企业,是伴随着国家的出现而出现的;作为一种经济组织形式,它几乎与民族国家的历史一样久远。国有企业在国家社会中的作用,在中国可以追溯到汉代桓宽的《盐铁论》。作为社会化大生产的一种重要的组织经营形式,国有企业要反映和满足社会化大生产发展的一般需要;作为一国政府调控经济运行的重要手段和重要工具,国有企业要反映和满足一个国家占统治阶级的特殊需要。国有企业的这两种客观属性,既为当代世界不同社会制度国家的国有企业进行比较研究,提示其
Historically, state-owned enterprises emerged as state-owned enterprises with the emergence of the state. As an economic organization, it is almost as old as the history of the nation-state. The role of state-owned enterprises in national society can be traced back to Huan Kuan’s Salt and Iron Theory in the Han Dynasty. As an important form of organization and management of large-scale socialized production, state-owned enterprises should reflect and meet the general needs of the development of socialized mass production. As an important means and an important tool for a country’s government in regulating economic operations, state-owned enterprises should reflect and satisfy one The state accounts for the special needs of the ruling class. These two objective attributes of state-owned enterprises not only provide a comparative study of state-owned enterprises in countries with different social systems in the contemporary world,