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目的了解福州市0~14岁儿童死因分布,为制定儿童疾病防治对策提供依据。方法采用入户调查的方法,按ICD-10的标准和方法进行死因分类,对福州市2011—2015年0~14岁儿童死亡情况进行全面分析。结果2011—2015年福州市0~14岁儿童死亡1 470例,平均死亡率为39.80/10万,男性(44.24/10万)高于女性(34.43/10万),差异有统计学意义(Z=4.70,P<0.01)。0~岁组婴儿死亡率最高,为314.37/10万,其中新生儿死亡占婴儿死亡的61.25%。前五位死因依次为损伤中毒、围生期病、先天异常、恶性肿瘤、呼吸系病。淹死、机动车辆交通事故和意外跌落是损伤中毒的前3位死因。结论预防淹死、机动车辆交通事故和意外跌落等发生,积极做好围生期病、先天异常的预防和干预工作,预防或减少0~14岁儿童死亡的发生。
Objective To understand the distribution of causes of death among children aged 0 ~ 14 years in Fuzhou and provide evidence for the development of prevention and treatment measures for children. Methods The method of household survey was used to classify the cause of death according to the standard and method of ICD-10, and a comprehensive analysis of the death of children aged 0-14 in Fuzhou from 2011 to 2015 was conducted. Results A total of 1 470 cases of children aged 0-14 years from Fuzhou were killed in 2011-2015, with an average mortality rate of 39.80 / 100,000 and 44.24 / 100000 (34.43 / 100000), respectively, with significant difference (Z = 4.70, P <0.01). The highest infant mortality rate in 0 ~ age group was 314.37 / 100 000, of which neonatal death accounted for 61.25% of infant deaths. The top five causes of death were injury poisoning, perinatal disease, congenital anomalies, malignant tumors and respiratory diseases. Drowning, motor vehicle accidents and accidental falls were the top three causes of injury. Conclusion Preventing drowning, motor vehicle accidents and accidental falls, etc., actively carry out prevention and intervention of perinatal diseases and congenital abnormalities, and prevent or reduce the death of children aged 0-14 years.