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为了有效评估低频电磁环境下高速动车组(EMUs)车厢内电磁暴露的安全性,利用基于有限元的多物理场仿真软件COMSOL5.1,构建了动力电缆对动车车厢内乘客的电磁暴露模型,研究了处于车厢内不同位置乘客的头部磁感应强度、感应电场强度和感应电流密度的分布。研究结果表明:位于车窗处的B乘客的人体头部磁感应强度、感应电场强度、感应电流密度最大,最大值分别为13.701μT、208.85μV/m、125.366μA/m2;位于1组动力电缆上方的C乘客的人体头部磁感应强度、感应电场强度、感应电流密度最小,最小值分别为0.59μT、8.806μV/m、5.225μA/m2;位于2组动力电缆之间的A乘客的人体头部磁感应强度、感应电场强度、感应电流密度的值在B乘客和C乘客之间。所有计算结果均小于国际非电离辐射防护委员会(ICNIRP)制定的公众电磁暴露推荐值,这说明位于动车车厢底部的动力电缆对乘客的电磁暴露不会构成健康威胁。
In order to effectively evaluate the electromagnetic exposure safety of high speed EMUs in the low frequency electromagnetic environment, a multi-physics simulation software COMSOL5.1 based on finite element is used to construct the electromagnetic exposure model of power cables to the passengers in the train car. In the passenger compartment at different positions of the magnetic induction of the head, the induced electric field strength and induced current density distribution. The results show that the magnetic induction intensity, the induced electric field intensity and the induced current density of human head located at the window are the highest, the maximum values are 13.701μT, 208.85μV / m and 125.366μA / m2, respectively. Of the passenger’s human head magnetic induction intensity, the induced electric field strength, the minimum induced current density, respectively, the minimum value of 0.59μT, 8.806μV / m, 5.225μA / m2; between the two sets of power cables between the A passenger’s head Magnetic induction, induced electric field strength, and induced current density are between B and C passengers. All calculations are less than the public electromagnetic exposure recommended by the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP), which shows that power cables located at the bottom of the carriages do not pose a health risk to electromagnetic exposure of passengers.