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目的 研究影响患生殖道感染的妇女利用卫生服务的心理社会因素。方法 采用Aday和Andersen的社会行为模式 ,于 1998- 1999年 ,在河北省迁安县和北京 ,对有生殖道感染症状的已婚妇女共 86 4例 (其中 ,农村 378例 ,城市 4 86例 )进行了横断面调查。采用SPSS/PC 7 5进行统计分析。结果 城市和农村已婚妇女自述生殖道感染的发病率分别为 35 6 %和 4 6 8% ,患生殖道感染妇女的就诊率分别为 2 7 5 %和 2 6 7%。与城市妇女相比 ,农村妇女有关生殖道感染方面的知识明显少 ,认为该病是严重的疾病 ,认为社会对患此病的妇女有歧视 ,对医院的满意程度高。Logistic回归分析显示 :影响城乡患生殖道感染的妇女利用卫生服务的共同因素为本次患病情况。影响城市妇女利用卫生服务的因素还有医务人员的服务态度、医务人员提供的信息、职业、既往生殖道感染情况以及医疗付费方式。影响农村妇女利用卫生服务的因素还有自我治疗生殖道感染的知识、既往生殖道感染情况、认为社会对患生殖道感染妇女的歧视、对生殖道感染严重性的认识和家庭收入。结论 城乡妇女生殖道感染的发病率高 ,就诊率低。很有必要针对城乡妇女 ,开展不同形式的健康教育 ,提高妇女对生殖道感染疾病的认识 ,提高妇女的自我保健意识 ,并且应对妇女定期?
Objective To study the psychosocial factors affecting the utilization of health services by women with genital tract infections. Methods The social behavior patterns of Aday and Andersen were adopted. In 1998-1999, there were 864 married women with symptoms of genital tract infection in Qian’an County, Hebei Province and Beijing (of which 378 were rural residents and 4 86 were urban residents) A cross-sectional survey was conducted. SPSS / PC 7 5 statistical analysis. Results The prevalence of self-reported genital tract infections in urban and rural areas were 35.6% and 46.8%, respectively, and those with genital tract infections were respectively 27.5% and 26.7%. Rural women have significantly less knowledge about reproductive tract infections than urban women and consider the disease as a serious disease, believing that society is discriminating against women suffering from the disease and that they are highly satisfied with the hospital. Logistic regression analysis showed that the common factors influencing women’s reproductive tract infections in urban and rural areas to use health services were the prevalence. Factors affecting urban women’s access to health services include medical staff’s attitude, information provided by medical staff, occupations, previous genital tract infections, and medical bills. Factors influencing rural women’s access to health services include self-treatment of knowledge of reproductive tract infections, previous genital tract infections, social stigmatization of women with genital tract infections, awareness of the severity of reproductive tract infections, and household income. Conclusion The prevalence of genital tract infection in urban and rural women is high, and the consultation rate is low. There is a need to educate urban and rural women on different forms of health education to raise awareness among women about diseases of reproductive tract infections and to raise women’s awareness of self-care and to periodically respond to women.