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抗癫痫药物过敏综合反应(AED)的发生涉及严重的皮肤、血和肝损伤。在严重的情况下,爆发性肝衰竭可能需要肝移植,大多数病人因肝衰竭而死去。严重的皮肤不良反应主要有罕见但致命的:史蒂夫·约翰逊综合症(SJS),中毒性表皮坏死松解症(TEN)和超敏反应综合征等。上述不良反应的致死率高达5%–50%。早期的准确诊断和及时治疗可能降低死亡率。本文报道了两个癫痫患者对卡马西平(CBZ)或苯巴比妥(PB)的过敏综合反应案例,来阐明癫痫的治疗过程和早期表现有助于改善癫痫的治疗方案,同时防止了潜在严重的AED的皮肤不良反应。两个案例报告强调在卡马西平及苯巴比妥的治疗中引起的致命性过敏反应可能与患者肝脏中缺少环氧化物羟化酶及基因缺失有关。
The onset of antiepileptic drug allergy (AED) reactions involves severe skin, blood and liver damage. In severe cases, fulminant liver failure may require liver transplants, with most patients dying of liver failure. Serious skin adverse reactions are mainly rare but fatal: Steve Johnson syndrome (SJS), toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) and hypersensitivity syndrome. Mortality of the above adverse reactions as high as 5% -50%. Early accurate diagnosis and timely treatment may reduce mortality. This article reports the case of allergic reactions to carbamazepine (CBZ) or phenobarbital (PBZ) in two epilepsy patients to elucidate the treatment course and early manifestation of epilepsy to improve the treatment of epilepsy while preventing potential Serious skin side effects of AED. Two case reports highlight that the fatal anaphylaxis in the treatment of carbamazepine and phenobarbital may be related to the absence of epoxide hydroxylase and gene deletion in the liver of patients.