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中间罐是由炉子到结晶器,钢液路线中最后的衬砌耐火材料的容器。正因为这样,所以,中间罐的构造对以后的操作、浇钢质量及合格率都有明显的影响。因此,必须特别注意中间罐的构造、耐火材料的选择及其加热。在选择中间罐构造时,主要考虑一定牌号钢的连浇罐数。这就可能是没有隔热层及调节单浇钢液流量控制装置的中间罐,或者隔热良好,有外部控制装置及多罐连浇中经受予热的中间罐。中间罐的尺寸及形状,侧墙及底的倾斜角度,以及挡渣墙,根据连铸机所采用的浇注工艺来选取。中间罐工作层必需的隔热程度,可在电子计算机上用计算方法确定,把希望的浇钢条件及罐壳的最高容允温度写入。计算机程序里确定了浇钢条件及对隔热层的要求之后,选择符合这些措施的最低罐村成本的耐火材料。为衬砌工作层,广泛利用各种型号的高铝耐火材料。每浇注1～3罐后,用涂抹法或喷涂法修补内衬。经过多罐连浇的中间罐内衬并不修补,但要全部更换。耐火材料修理费用及其消耗就相当高,因此为改善其性能需要设计工作者、炼钢工作者与耐火材料制造者的共同努力。中间罐是由炉子到结晶器钢液路线中最后的衬砌耐火材料的容器。所以对中间罐耐火材料提出很高的要求。浇钢温度,耐火材料的蚀损程度,气氛组成及罐中渣子行为都对连铸坯或小型坯的质量,其以后的操作及合格率有影响。因此必须相当注意中间罐构造的选择,耐火材料的组成及罐加热的合理性。中间罐用以盛接来自盛钢桶的钢液,钢液保存在其中时热损失要很小,沿结晶器分配钢液时钢流的氧化要很小,钢液的静压力要比较稳定。作为盛接钢液的容器,中间罐必须衬砌耐火材料。中间罐构造及其耐火材料种类的选择是极重要的问题,因为耐火材料应满足中间罐在浇注过程稳定而不间断操作的要求。本文所包括的情报,主要取自美国钢铁公司的格里厂南厂托兰斯厂及费尔利斯厂的连铸机的操作过程。
The middle tank is the container from the furnace to the last lined refractory material in the mold and liquid steel route. Because of this, therefore, the structure of the intermediate tank on the subsequent operation, the quality of steel and pass rate have a significant impact. Therefore, special attention must be paid to the construction of the intermediate tank, the choice of refractory material and its heating. In the choice of tundish structure, the main consideration of a certain number of steel even the number of pouring tank. This may be an intermediate tank without insulation and with a single steel flow control device, or a well-insulated, externally controlled device with an intermediate tank that is subjected to heat in multiple tanks. The size and shape of the middle tank, the side wall and the bottom of the tilt angle, as well as slag wall, according to the continuous casting machine used to select the casting process. The necessary insulation level of the working layer of the intermediate tank can be determined by calculation method on an electronic computer and the desired pouring conditions and the maximum allowable temperature of the shell are written. After determining the pouring conditions and insulation requirements in the computer program, select the refractory material that meets the minimum tank village cost for these measures. Lining the working layer, extensive use of various types of high-alumina refractory. After pouring 1 ~ 3 cans, repair the lining by smearing or spraying. After the multi-tank pouring tank lining is not repaired, but to be replaced. Refractory repair costs and their consumption are quite high, so to improve their performance requires designers, steelmakers and refractory manufacturers to work together. The intermediate tank is the last lining refractory vessel in the route from the furnace to the crystallizer. Therefore, the middle tank refractories put forward high requirements. The temperature of pouring steel, the degree of erosion of refractory materials, the composition of the atmosphere and the behavior of the slag in the tank have an impact on the quality of the slab or the parison and its subsequent operation and yield. Therefore, considerable attention must be paid to the choice of the tank construction, the composition of the refractory material, and the rationality of the tank heating. Intermediate tank to take in molten steel from Sheng ladle, the liquid steel in which heat loss is very small, along the mold steel distribution liquid steel oxidation is very small, the hydrostatic pressure to be relatively stable. As a container of molten steel, the intermediate tank must be lined with refractory material. The selection of the tank construction and the type of refractory material is a significant issue as the refractory material should meet the requirements of stable and uninterrupted operation of the tank during pouring. The intelligence included in this article is based on the operation of the continuous casting machines at Torrance Works and Fairleigh Works at the U.S. Iron & Steel’s Gerry Plant South.