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为实现2000年全球消灭脊髓灰质炎的总目标,世界卫生组织(WHO)提出划分消灭脊髓灰质炎的4个阶段的方法,现介绍如下。1 阶段划分依据的两个指标(1)接种率:指接受3次脊髓灰质炎疫苗接种的全程接种率,用以推断人群免疫水平。(2)发病数:指脊髓灰质炎的年发病数。一般地说,发病率是表示发病强度的指标,但对脊髓灰质炎来说,因为消灭的需要,要求一个病例也不能发生,因而用发病数而不用发病率做为划分阶段的指标。
In order to achieve the overall goal of eliminating poliomyelitis globally in 2000, the World Health Organization (WHO) put forward a method for dividing the four stages of poliomyelitis eradication. The introduction is as follows. 1 stage based on the two indicators (1) vaccination rate: refers to the three times the polio vaccination vaccination coverage rate to infer the level of population immunity. (2) the number of incidence: refers to the annual incidence of polio. In general, morbidity is an indicator of the severity of onset, but for poliomyelitis it is not necessary for a case to be extinct due to its need for extinction, so the incidence rather than morbidity is used as an indicator of the stage of division.