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杨树是重要的速生丰产用材树种,其高产无性系人工林已经获得大规模营造。随着人工林集约化经营,舞毒蛾、杨尺蠖和天牛等高危森林害虫蔓延肆虐,造成巨大的经济和生态效益损失。因此,培育抗虫速生杨树已经成为亟待解决的问题。本研究以美洲黑杨速生良种丹红杨为母本、转Bt Cry1Ac基因欧洲黑杨为父本,利用人工控制授粉杂交手段获取的17株PCR检测呈阳性杂交子代为材料,进行舞毒蛾饲虫试验以及连续4年田间生长量测定。饲虫试验表明,相比于丹红杨和未转基因的欧洲黑杨,杂交子代的抗虫性明显提高,其中系号B3-8、B3-44、B3-45和B3-100的抗虫性最为显著,舞毒蛾死亡率高于90%。田间生长量测定显示,杂交子代系号B3-44、B3-102、B3-132和B3-153在树高和地径上表现出一定优势。研究证实了通过传统的杂交育种手段可将目的 Bt Cry1Ac基因导入优良品种中,并筛选出兼具抗虫和速生特性的杂交子代B3-44,为杨树生产应用以及种质创新提供理想的杨树资源。
Poplar is an important fast-growing and useful timber species, and its high-yield clonal plantations have been built on a large scale. With the intensive management of plantation forests, the spread of high-risk forest pests such as Gypsy moth, Yang Zuobian and Tian Ni wreaks havoc, causing huge economic and ecological loss. Therefore, the cultivation of insect-resistant poplar has become an urgent problem to be solved. In this study, Populus tomentosa Populus tomentosa Populus as the female parent, Bt Cry1Ac gene Populus tomentosa as the male parent, artificial control pollination obtained by means of 17 positive PCR test positive hybrid progenies as materials, Gypsy moth feeding Tests and field measurements for 4 consecutive years. The insecticide tests showed that the resistance of the hybrid progeny was significantly increased compared to Populus davidiana and the non-transgenic Populus nigra, of which the insect resistance numbers of B3-8, B3-44, B3-45 and B3-100 The most significant, Gypsy moth mortality rate higher than 90%. The growth of the field showed that the hybrids B3-44, B3-102, B3-132 and B3-153 showed some advantages in tree height and diameter. The study confirmed that the target Bt CrylAc gene can be introduced into elite varieties through traditional breeding methods and the hybrid progeny B3-44 with both insect resistance and fast-growing characteristics can be screened out, which is ideal for poplar production and germplasm innovation Poplar resources.