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应用题的复习,要注意沟通有关应用题的联系,编织网络,让学生在联系和比较中,理解应用题的数量关系,完善认知结构,促进思维的发展,从而提高分析解答应用题的能力。比例与分数有密切的联系。因为:①分数与分配比例可以相互转化。如甲与乙的比是3∶2,也可说甲是乙的1 1/2倍、乙是甲的2/3、甲比乙多1/2、甲占甲乙的和的3/5……等,许多按比例分配应用题都可转化成分数应用题来解答。②分数与正反比例也有密切联系。在正比例里,由于一个量不变,另两个量总是成同倍的变化,即两个量之间的分数关系是固定不变的。在反比例里,一个量不变,另两个量总是成同倍但反方向变化,即两个量之间的关系是互为倒数。因此,在复习这两部分应用题时,应让学生从不同角度认识数量关系,用不同方法解题,达到开拓思维,灵活解题之目的。
Application of the review, should pay attention to communicate the connection between the application of questions, weaving the network, so that students in the contact and comparison, understanding the relationship between the number of questions, improve the cognitive structure, and promote the development of thinking, thereby enhancing the ability to analyze and answer questions . Proportion and score are closely linked. Because: ① scores and distribution ratio can be transformed into each other. If the ratio of A and B is 3: 2, you can also say that A is 1 1/2 times of B, B is 2/3 of A, A is 1/2 more than B and A is 3/5 of B and B. ... ... And so on, many prorate application questions can be converted into fractional application questions to answer. ② scores and positive and negative ratio are also closely linked. In direct proportion, since one volume is constant, the other two volumes always change by the same amount, that is, the fractional relationship between two quantities is fixed. In the inverse proportion, an amount does not change, the other two amounts always change in the same fold but in the opposite direction, that is, the relationship between the two quantities is reciprocal. Therefore, when reviewing the application questions in these two parts, students should be allowed to understand the relationship of quantity from different perspectives and solve the problem by different methods so as to achieve the purpose of developing thinking and solving problems flexibly.