论文部分内容阅读
目的 了解北京市成年居民碘摄入量及其构成的变化趋势.方法 应用中国疾病预防控制中心2002年和2012年2次横断面营养监测调查中北京地区数据.2次调查均采用多阶段分层与人口成比例的整群随机抽样,由经过统一培训的调查员进行连续4 d入户调查3日的完整膳食.≥18岁居民为本次调查对象.2002年共调查3 106名居民,2012年共调查3 615名.结果 北京市居民成年人的碘摄入量平均值从445.3μg/d降到388.7 μg/d.构成中碘盐摄入11.9 g/d下降到9.6 g/d,约合80.5 μg碘;其他膳食来源的碘从24.8 μg/d提高到49.9 μg/d.2002年约有17.7％ (550/3 106)的居民碘摄入量超过可耐受最高摄入量(UL,600 μg/d),还有7.3％ (228/3 106)的居民达不到推荐摄入量(RNI),而2012年则只有15.6％ (563/3 615)的居民碘摄入量超过UL值,还有6.9％(251/3 615)的居民达不到RNI.2002年不同地区的碘摄入量有统计学差异(F=11.2,P＜0.001),2012年不同地区的碘摄入量有统计学差异(F =160.5,P＜0.001).结论 北京市居民碘摄入量偏高,其主要原因是食盐摄入过多.随着控盐措施的实施,碘摄入量已经明显下降,逐渐合理.“,”Objective To explore change trends of iodine intake and composition among adult residents in Beijing municipality.Methods The data were extracted from two rounds of cross-sectional nutrition study conducted in 2002 and 2012 by China Center for Disease Control and Prevention.Multistage stratified and proportion to population size random cluster sampling were used to select 3 106 and 3 615 residents aged ≥ 18 years for the survey in 2001 and 2012 in Beijing city.The dietary iodine and edible salt intake were worked out by 3 consecutive days of dietary recollection combined with food weighing method.Results The average daily intake of iodine among the adults was decreased from 445.3 μg/day in 2002 to 388.7μ g/day in 2012 and the main reason for the decline was the decreased intake of iodized salt from 11.9 g/day to 9.6 g/day which leads to a 80.5 μg decrease in iodine intake.The food intake origination of iodine other than salt was increased from 24.8 μg/day to 49.9 μg/day.Of the adults,17.7 ％ (550/3 106) had the iodine intake higher than the tolerable upper intake level (UL,600 μg/d) and 7.3％ (228/3 106) had the iodine intake lower than the recommended nutrient intake (RNI) in 2002;while the proportions of the adults with the iodine intake higher than UL and lower than RNI were 15.6％ (563/3 615) and 6.9％ (251/3 615) in 2012.There was a significant difference in iodine intake among the adults residing in various areas (F =160.5,P ＜ 0.001) in 2012.Conclusion The iodine intake was somewhat high among adult residents in Beijing mainly due to excessive table salt consumption but the intake was decreased obviously along with the implementation of interventions on table salt use.