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对虾的食性很广,在自然海区里,对虾所食饵料随着对虾的不同发育阶段而不同。中国对虾蚤状体至糠虾幼体以10微米左右的多甲藻为主要食物,其次是硅藻;长至6～9毫米的仔虾以舟形硅藻为主要食物,其次是曲舟硅藻、星形圆筛藻和辐射圆筛藻,也摄食少量动物性饵料;幼虾则主要摄食小型甲壳类,也摄食软体动物、多毛类幼虫和小鱼等;成虾主要以底栖的甲壳类、瓣鳃类、多毛类、蛇尾类、鱼类等为食。从以上情况来看,对虾摄食习性的基本演变规律是从摄食植物为主逐步转变成摄食动物为主;由滤食性逐步转到捕食习性;由吃浮游食物过度到吃底栖食物;由只能摄食一些小型动物种类逐渐到能摄食一些较大的动物种类。对虾无节幼体靠自身卵黄作营养,蚤状的体主要摄食的是便于滤食和容易消化的藻类;后期蚤状幼体捕食到的动物性
The diet of shrimp is very broad. In the natural sea area, the food consumed by shrimp varies with different developmental stages of shrimp. China Penaeid prawn to Mysis larvae about 10 microns of dinoflagellate as the main food, followed by diatoms; up to 6 to 9 mm of larvae to boat-shaped diatoms as the main food, followed by curved boat diatoms, Star-shaped round screen algae and radiation round sieve algae, but also eat a small amount of animal feed; juvenile shrimp is mainly feeding small crustaceans, also feeding mollusks, polychaete larvae and fish, etc .; shrimp mainly benthic crustaceans, Petals gill, hairy, snakes tail, fish and other food. From the above point of view, the basic evolutionary rules of feeding habit of shrimp are mainly from feeding plants to gradually change into mainly feeding animals; from filter-feeding to the predatory habits; by eating plankton over-eating benthic food; from only Feeding a few small animal species gradually able to feed on some larger animal species. The nauplius of shrimp nourishes on its own yolk and the predatory body of the nauplii feeds on algae which are easy to filter and digest easily;