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在推进剂作业环节中偏二甲肼(UDMH)和四氧化二氮(N2O4)可能通过呼吸道、皮肤或经口吸入造成作业人员急性肺损伤乃至急性呼吸窘迫综合征,从而对健康构成威胁。急性肺损伤的特征为肺泡毛细血管膜损伤和肺间质水肿等,临床上表现为急性发生的呼吸窘迫和非心源性肺水肿。作者对具有清除体内自由基、抗脂质过氧化活性强、有抑制炎症反应等作用的药物如N-乙酸半胱氨酸、丹参、黄岑苷、乌司他丁、盐酸戊乙奎醚与地塞米松联合使用等的药物作用进行了综述,为指导推进剂引起的急性肺损伤的防治提供参考方向,从而有效地保障推进剂作业人员的生命安全。
UDMH and N2O4 may cause acute lung injury and even acute respiratory distress syndrome in workers through propellant, skin or oral inhalation, posing a health risk. Acute lung injury is characterized by alveolar capillary membrane damage and pulmonary interstitial edema, clinically manifested as acute respiratory distress and non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema. The authors have a clearance of free radicals, anti-lipid peroxidation activity, inhibition of inflammatory reactions and other drugs such as N-acetylcysteine, Salvia, baicalin, ulinastatin, penehyclidine hydrochloride and Dexamethasone combined use of drugs such as the role of a review, to guide the prevention and treatment of propellant-induced acute lung injury provide a reference direction, so as to effectively protect the lives and safety of propellant workers.