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目的通过分析某轿车制造企业的职业病危害现状,确定其职业病危害关键控制点,为职业病防治工作提供依据。方法采用职业卫生调查、职业卫生检测、职业健康检查、检查表分析法等对该轿车制造企业进行职业病危害现状评价。结果该企业生产过程中的主要职业病危害因素为化学毒物、粉尘、噪声、高温、电焊弧光和工频电场等。电焊工接触的二氧化锰浓度超标率为12.5%,喷漆工接触的甲苯和二甲苯浓度超标率均为7.1%,粉尘浓度超标率为10.6%,噪声强度超标率为44.1%,其他危害因素均低于职业接触限值。结论轿车制造企业职业病危害的防护应以职业危害关键控制岗位为重点,采取切实可行的职业病危害防护对策,减少或消除职业病危害的发生。
Objective To analyze the status quo of occupational hazards in a car manufacturing enterprise and determine the key control points of its occupational hazards so as to provide the basis for prevention and control of occupational diseases. Methods Occupational health survey, occupational health examination, occupational health examination and checklist analysis were used to evaluate the status of occupational hazards in this car manufacturing enterprise. Results The main occupational hazards in the production process were chemical poisons, dust, noise, high temperature, arc welding and power frequency electric field. The over-standard rate of manganese dioxide exposed by welders was 12.5%, the over-standard rate of toluene and xylene exposed by sprayers was 7.1%, the over-standard dust concentration was 10.6% and the noise intensity exceeded the standard rate of 44.1%. Other hazards were Below occupational exposure limits. Conclusion The protection of occupational hazards in saloon car manufacturing enterprises should focus on the key occupational hazards control positions and take practical countermeasures against occupational hazards to reduce or eliminate the occurrence of occupational diseases hazards.