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利用隶属度函数和因子加权综合法,结合地统计学方法,通过构建土壤综合肥力指数(Integrated Fertility Index,IFI),研究了典型喀斯特峰丛洼地土壤综合肥力的空间分异特征及其主要影响因素。结果表明,各土壤养分因子对土壤综合肥力的贡献大小不一,其中全磷(TP)贡献率最大,权重达到了0.181,pH的贡献率最小,权重只有0.041;土壤IFI的变异系数为0.394,空间变异相对较小。土壤综合肥力空间分布均匀,过渡相对平缓,与单一土壤养分因子的空间分布存在较大的差异,说明单一的土壤养分状况不能代表土壤综合肥力水平;而IFI的总体趋势与单一土壤养分因子相似,均由坡脚向洼地中心递减,说明土壤养分因子对综合肥力的空间分布有一定影响。在土壤综合肥力的影响因子分析中,作物类型与农户管理方式交互作用影响显著,裸岩率与IFI显著相关,说明土壤综合肥力受自然因素与人为因素的共同影响。
By using the membership function and the factor-weighted synthetic method, combined with geostatistical methods, the spatial heterogeneity of soil fertility and its main influencing factors in the typical karst peak-cluster depression were studied through the establishment of Integrated Fertility Index (IFI) . The results showed that the contributions of soil nutrients to total soil fertility were different, of which the total phosphorus (TP) contribution rate was the highest, the weight reached 0.181, the pH contribution rate was the smallest, the weight was only 0.041; the soil IFI coefficient of variation was 0.394, Spatial variation is relatively small. The spatial distribution of soil fertility was uniform and the transition was relatively gentle, which was different from that of single soil nutrients. It indicated that the single soil nutrient status could not represent the comprehensive soil fertility level. The general trend of IFI was similar to that of single soil nutrient, All decreased from the foot of the slope to the center of the depression, indicating that the soil nutrient factor has some influence on the spatial distribution of the comprehensive fertility. In the analysis of the influence factors of soil comprehensive fertility, the interactions between crop types and farmer management modes are significant, and the bare rock rate is significantly correlated with IFI, indicating that the comprehensive soil fertility is affected by both natural and human factors.