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该文利用2000-2014年的中国省际面板数据,检验了行政垄断、要素非对称扭曲二者与中国国有部门和非国有部门(两部门)的工资差距及失业率之间的关系。结果发现,国有部门的要素非对称扭曲并不必然引起两部门的工资差距,行政垄断和要素非对称扭曲的结合才是引起两部门工资差距的根本原因。同时,分地区的实证检验结果还发现,越落后的地区,行政垄断和要素非对称扭曲的程度越高,其对于两部门工资差距(及其失业率)的影响程度也越大。该视角可以在一个统一的框架内同时说明两部门工资差距的时空差异。因此,打破行政垄断,纠正国有部门的要素非对称扭曲将有利于缩小工资差异和提高就业率,实现两部门协调、良性发展。
Using panel data from 2000 to 2014 in China, this paper examines the relationship between the administrative monopoly and the asymmetric factorial distortion and the wage gap and the unemployment rate among the state-owned and non-state sectors (both sectors) in China. The result shows that asymmetric distortion of the state sector does not necessarily lead to the wage gap between the two sectors. The combination of administrative monopoly and asymmetric factor asymmetry is the root cause of the wage gap between the two sectors. At the same time, the results of empirical tests in different regions also find that the more the backward areas, the higher the degree of asymmetric distortion of administrative monopolies and factors, the greater the impact on the wage gap between the two sectors (and their unemployment rate). This perspective can simultaneously explain the spatiotemporal differences between the wage differentials in the two sectors in a unified framework. Therefore, breaking the administrative monopoly and correcting the asymmetrical distortion of the elements of the state-owned sector will be conducive to narrowing the wage gap and raising the employment rate so as to achieve the coordinated and sound development of the two departments.