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目的:探究丙烯酰胺(acrylamide,ACR)暴露对仔鼠大脑额叶皮质神经元发育的影响。方法:孕鼠随机分为4组,自怀孕第6 d起对照组和实验组分别给予蒸馏水和(50,100,200)μg/ml ACR饮水,直至仔鼠出生21 d。免疫组织化学法观察仔鼠额叶皮质神经元微管相关蛋白(doublecortin,DCX)和突触素(synaptophysin,SYN)的表达情况。结果:ACR实验组和对照组额叶皮质神经元均有DCX和SYN的表达。DCX和SYN免疫阳性产物均为棕黄色颗粒状,表达于胞浆内。与对照组相比,ACR染毒高剂量组(200μg/ml)DCX表达显著减少(P<0.05),而低、中剂量组(50μg/ml和100μg/ml)的减少不明显,无统计学意义(P>0.05);与对照组相比,ACR实验组SYN的表达显著降低,呈剂量依赖性,且组间差异明显(P<0.05)。结论:ACR染毒可能是通过降低DCX和SYN的表达,干扰神经元的迁移分化和突触的形成,从而影响额叶皮质的发育。
Objective: To investigate the effect of acrylamide (ACR) exposure on the development of rat frontal cortex neurons. Methods: Pregnant mice were randomly divided into 4 groups. From the 6th day of pregnancy, distilled water and (50,100,200) μg / ml ACR drinking water were given to the control group and the experimental group respectively until the pups were born for 21 days. Immunohistochemistry was used to observe the expression of doublecortin (DCX) and synaptophysin (SYN) in the frontal lobe cortex neurons. Results: Both DCX and SYN were expressed in frontal cortex neurons of ACR experimental group and control group. DCX and SYN immunopositive products are brown granular, expressed in the cytoplasm. Compared with the control group, DCX expression in high-dose ACR group (200μg / ml) was significantly decreased (P <0.05), while there was no significant reduction in low- and middle-dose groups (50μg / ml and 100μg / ml) (P> 0.05). Compared with the control group, the expression of SYN was significantly decreased in a dose dependent manner in ACR group (P <0.05). CONCLUSION: ACR exposure may affect the development of frontal cortex by decreasing the expression of DCX and SYN, interfering with the migration and differentiation of neurons and the formation of synapses.