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背景:师范院校的大学生是师资的主要来源,其对日后为人师表的职业产生影响。目的:调查师范院校2005级新生的心理健康状况,为开展大学生心理健康教育与咨询提供依据。设计:整群抽样,横断面调查。单位:衡阳师范学院教育科学系。对象:调查于2005-10在衡阳师范学院完成,选择衡阳师范学院全体2005级3089名新生为调查对象,其中男生1211名,女生1878名,平均年龄18.72岁。方法:2005级新生入学后1个月后,以系为单位运用SCL-90症状自评量表对其进行集体测查。在统一指导语下,学生根据最近1周内的自我感觉答题,独立完成,当场收卷。结果数据运用光电阅读机输入计算机心理测评工具箱系统进行总分和因子分的统计。量表中没有回答的项目记为“没有”,5个以上项目未答者视为问卷无效以及总分低于95分的问卷因缺乏可靠性均不进行分析。所有数据输入电脑后用SPSS11.0软件进行统计分析;群体差异比较用t检验。主要观察指标:所有纳入的受试对象SCL-90症状自评量表得分。结果:共发放3089份问卷,回收有效答卷2994份,有效率为96.92%;男生1180份,女生1814份;文科2847份,理科1147份。问卷结果显示,新生的各因子分都显著高于国内青年常模(P<0.01);女生的躯体化、强迫、人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑等5项因子分以及总分显著高于男生(P<0.05～0.01),敌对因子分则明显低于男生(P<0.01);文科新生的强迫、敌对和精神病性三个因子分显著低于理科新生(P<0.05～0.01),恐怖因子分则显著高于理科新生(P<0.05)。结论:师范院校2005级新生心理健康状况低于中国青年心理健康平均水平,整体来看,女生的心理健康状况显著不如男生,文科新生在强迫、敌对和精神病性上好于理科新生,在恐怖因子上比理科新生差。
Background: Undergraduates in normal universities and colleges are the main source of teachers, which has an impact on the profession of masters in the future. Objective: To investigate the mental health status of freshmen in 2005 in normal university and to provide basis for carrying out psychological health education and counseling for undergraduates. Design: cluster sampling, cross-sectional survey. Unit: Department of Educational Science, Hengyang Teachers College. PARTICIPANTS: The survey was conducted in Hengyang Normal University from October 2005 to October 2005 with 3089 freshmen enrolled in Hengyang Normal University in 2005 as the survey subjects, including 1,211 boys and 1878 girls, with an average age of 18.72 years. Methods: One month after enrollment of 2005 freshmen, SCL-90 Symptom Check List (SCL-90) was used as a unit to conduct a collective test. Under the unified guidance language, students self-feel the answer within a week, completed independently and rewound on the spot. The results of the data using the optical reader into the computer psychological evaluation toolbox system for total score and factor score statistics. Items that were not answered on the scale were recorded as “no”, questions that five or more non-respondents considered ineffective, and scores below 95 were not analyzed for lack of reliability. All data were input into the computer and then analyzed by SPSS11.0 software. Group differences were compared by t-test. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: SCL-90 Symptom Checklist 90 was included in all participants. Results: A total of 3089 questionnaires were distributed and 2994 valid questionnaires were returned, with an effective rate of 96.92%, 1180 boys and 1814 girls, 2847 liberal arts and 1147 science subjects. The result of the questionnaire showed that the factor scores of freshmen were significantly higher than that of domestic youth (P <0.01). The factors of somatization, coercion, interpersonal sensitivity, depression and anxiety of girls were significantly higher than boys P <0.05 ~ 0.01), and hostile factor scores were significantly lower than those of boys (P <0.01). The three factors of compulsion, hostility and psychosis were significantly lower than those of freshmen in science (P <0.05-0.01) Was significantly higher than that of freshmen (P <0.05). Conclusion: The mental health status of freshmen in 2005 is lower than the average level of mental health of Chinese youth. On the whole, the mental health status of girls is significantly less than that of boys. The freshmen of liberal arts are better than science freshmen in compulsion, hostility and psychosis. Factor freshmen worse than science.