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目的 总结多层螺旋CT三维成像重建技术(CT三维成像)在创伤性肋骨骨折诊断中的应用效果.方法 回顾性分析经影像学检查等确诊为外伤性肋骨骨折患者51例的影像学资料;其中,单根肋骨骨折11例,多根肋骨骨折40例.患者均进行胸部数字化X射线摄影(DR)和CT三维成像重建,比较两种检查方法的肋骨骨折诊断准确率.结果 CT三维成像肋骨骨折诊断准确率98.04％(50/51),高于DR的68.63％(35/51)(P＜0.05).CT三维成像仅有1例漏诊;其骨折部位在左侧第5肋骨,与肩胛骨投影位置重叠处,断端错位不明显.DR漏诊16例;其中,9例的骨折发生在3～5对肋骨的背侧,与肩胛骨投影区域重叠,3例出现在后6对肋骨前后肋骨交界处,未出现明显的断端移位,4例无明显规律可循.结论 多层螺旋CT三维成像诊断肋骨骨折的准确率远高于常规DR.“,”Objective To summarize the value of multi-slice helical CT reconstruction technique (3DMSCT) in the diagnosis of traumatic rib fractures.Methods The data of 51 cases with traumatic rib fractures were retrospectively analyzed,who were diagnosed by both thoracic digital radiography (DR) and 3DMSCT as single rib fracture in 11 cases and multiple rib fractures in 40 cases.The diagnostic accuracy diagnosed by DR was compared with that by 3DMSCT.Results The diagnostic accuracy of 3DMSCT for rib fractures was 98.04％ (50/51),which was much higher than 68.63 ％ (35/51) of DR(P＜0.05).The rib fracture in one case was missed diagnosed by 3DMSCT,which located in the left 5th rib overlapping with the projection position of the scapula without obvious broken end of the dislocation.Of 16 cases with rib fractures missed diagnosed by DR,9 cases were with the rib fractures on the dorsal of the 3nd to 5tth pairs of the ribs overlaping with the shoulder blade projection area,3 cases were with the rib fractures at the junctions of the front and behind 6th ribs without obvious broken end of the dislocation,and 4 cases had no any specific sign for missed diagnosis.Conclusion The diagnostic accuracy of 3DMSCT for rib fractures is much higher than DR.