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以私有制为基础的资本主义生产资料所有制形式,在自由竞争阶段的初期和中期主要是独资企业和合伙企业,在后期相当一部分企业迅速转化为公司企业(法人企业),即股份公司。自此,独资企业、合伙企业和法人企业成了资本主义各国生产资料私有制的主要形式;进入垄断阶段后,主要是在股份公司中,又是垄断企业与非垄断企业并存。促使资本主义私有制形式发生变化的原因有二:根本原因是资本主义的基本矛盾。在生产的社会化发展进程中,社会生产的各个环节之间以及不同分工的各行业、各部门间的联系和相互依存关系日益加强,但生产资料的私人占有制却阻碍着这一发展进程:一方面独资经营和合伙经营一般来说
The form of ownership of capitalist means of production based on private ownership was mainly a sole proprietorship and a partnership in the early and mid-free stages of competition. A considerable part of the latter was quickly converted into a corporate (corporate) or joint-stock company in the latter part of the period. Since then, the sole proprietorship, partnership and corporate enterprises have become the major forms of private ownership of the means of production in capitalist countries. After entering the monopoly stage, they are mainly coexisted with non-monopoly enterprises in joint-stock companies. There are two reasons for the changes in the form of private ownership of capitalism: The fundamental reason is the basic contradiction of capitalism. In the process of socialized development of production, the links and interdependence among all sectors of social production and between industries and departments with different divisions of labor are increasingly strengthened. However, the private ownership of the means of production hinders this process of development. On the one hand, sole proprietorship and partnership in general