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在苏联高等学校,尤其是理工科学校具有“教学、科研、生产一体化”的特征。三者相互依存、相互促进,形成了一个较为完整的体制。这个体制的建立经历了一个较长的时间。二十年代,一般还认为高校只应从事教学、不能搞科研。当时认为这两者是相互矛盾的。三十年代初期才扭转了这一偏见,逐渐加强了高校的科研活动。然而,科研与教学还存在一定的脱节现象。随着高校科研工
In Soviet colleges and universities, especially science and engineering schools have “teaching, research, production integration” features. The three are interdependent and mutually reinforcing, forming a relatively complete system. The establishment of this system has gone through a long period of time. In the twenties, colleges and universities were generally considered to be engaged in teaching and scientific research. At that time, they were both contradictory. Only in the early 1930s reversed this prejudice and gradually strengthened the scientific research activities in colleges and universities. However, there is still some disjunction between research and teaching. With university research workers