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锁:企业人力资本企业的人力资源具有其他竞争者不可轻易模仿、不可轻易转移和不能被完全替代的知识和技能,即人力资本。因此,企业在任何方面的管理创新都比较容易被对手所模仿,只有企业内部人力资本所创造的独占性的知识和技术优势是很难被模仿的,比如我们所熟悉的那些世界企业巨头,对于企业的人力资本都给予了充分的重视。松下说:“松下电器是制造人才的公司”,微软说:“优秀人才是企业的生命”。惠普说: “人才就是资本”,摩托罗拉说: “人是最珍贵的资源”,三星说:“人才是企业的上帝”等等。这些企业深知人力资本是一种主动性资本,人力资本利用静态的物质资本,不断地创造价值,使物质资本增值。同时,如果人力资本自身的价值也在不断地提升的话,会使一定的物质资本的升值空间变得更大,企业发展也会越快。显而易见,在机器不断贬值,劳力、资本和知识等日益集中于人才之上的今天,人力资本不断升值已是一个必然趋势,知识正在成为现代经济中真正的资本和财富。但这个财富并不能轻易得到,就像被锁住了,如何开启是现在企业取得竞争优势的关键。
Lock: Enterprise human capital Enterprise human resources with other competitors can not easily imitate, can not be easily transferred and can not be completely replaced by the knowledge and skills, that is, human capital. Therefore, the management innovation in any aspect of the enterprise is more likely to be imitated by the competitors. Only the exclusive knowledge and technical superiority created by the internal human capital of the enterprise can hardly be imitated. For example, those world-class enterprises that we are familiar with The human capital of enterprises have given full attention. Panasonic said: “Matsushita Electric is a manufacturing company,” Microsoft said: “Talent is the life of an enterprise.” Hewlett-Packard said: “Talent is the capital,” Motorola said: “People are the most precious resource,” Samsung said: “Talent is the God of the enterprise,” and so on. These enterprises know that human capital is a kind of initiative capital. Human capital makes use of static material capital to continuously create value and increase material capital. At the same time, if the value of human capital itself is also constantly improving, it will make space for appreciation of certain material assets bigger and faster the development of enterprises. Obviously, with the devaluation of machines, labor, capital and knowledge increasingly focused on talent today, the continuous appreciation of human capital is an inevitable trend and knowledge is becoming the real capital and wealth in the modern economy. But this wealth can not be easily obtained, just as locked up, how to open is now the key to gaining a competitive advantage.