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具有高能量密度的电子束进行材料表面处理，由于它具有装置投资少、结构简单、处理工艺参数调节灵活、热转换效率高、处理质量高以及无严重污染等特点，当前国外对该技术的研究及其应用进展十分迅速。本文介绍一种金属表面处理用二极型电子枪，阐述了该枪的设计思想并对其主要参数进行了理论计算。该枪具有结构小巧、操作简便、耗电小、灯丝寿命长等优点，配合适当的扫描方式，可进行电子束的表面退火、表面淬火、表面熔凝、电子束上釉、表面合金化等处理工艺。
Due to its advantages of less equipment investment, simple structure, flexible adjustment of processing parameters, high heat conversion efficiency, high processing quality and no serious pollution, the research on this technology in foreign countries is based on electron beam with high energy density. And its application is very fast. In this paper, we introduce a bipolar electron gun for metal surface treatment. The design idea of the gun is described and the main parameters of the gun are theoretically calculated. The gun has the advantages of compact structure, simple operation, small power consumption and long filament life, and can be used for surface annealing, surface quenching, surface melting, electron beam enamelling, surface alloying and the like with an appropriate scanning mode Process.