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在进行三维地震数据采集时,已产生了许多不同的几何排列。这些几何排列中的许多形态可以分成块状或线性排列。块状几何排列是在密区域范围内设置炮点或接收点的面积排列;而线状几何排列则是沿分开的采集测线布置炮点与接收点。 根据共炮点道集的地震波场特点及互换性原理,我们建立了二维采集的对称采样准则。 这些准则目前已用于块状和线状几何排列的三维对称采样。对块状几何排列而言,它将使每一块叠前数据成为一方形网格。而对线状几何排列而言,对称采样的二维准则(相等的炮点距与接收点距及相同的炮点组合与检波点组合)可直接采用。但必须附加一些准则,这些准则取决于线状几何排列的类型(平行、正交或混合型)。 应用这些准则后,可以把各种几何排列再细分成特别适于做真振幅叠前深度偏移等叠前处理的单次覆盖三维子集。
There are many different geometric arrangements that have taken place during the 3D seismic data acquisition. Many of these geometric arrangements can be divided into blocks or linear arrangements. Block geometry is the area arrangement of shots or receive points within a dense area; linear geometry arranges shots and receive points along separate acquisition lines. According to the characteristics and interchangeability principle of the seismic wave field of common shot gathers, we establish the symmetrical sampling criterion of two-dimensional acquisition. These guidelines are currently used for three-dimensional symmetrical sampling of block and linear geometries. For block geometry, it will make each piece of pre-stack data a square grid. For linear geometry, the two-dimensional criteria for symmetric sampling (equal shot-to-shot pitch and the same shot-point combination and checkpoint combination) are straightforward. However, some guidelines must be attached. These guidelines depend on the type of linear geometry (parallel, orthogonal, or hybrid). Applying these guidelines, you can subdivide a variety of geometric permutations into single-coverage, three-dimensional subsets that are particularly well-suited for prestack processing such as true amplitude prestack depth migration.