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目的总结中国13个省(自治区、直辖市,下同)2009年麻疹减毒活疫苗(Measles Attenuated Live Vaccine,MV)强化免疫活动(Supplementary Immunization Activities,SIAs)及效果。方法综合分析MVSIAs期间接种、现场调查、督导、强化免疫后总结报告和法定传染病报告系统的疫情资料。结果 2009年13个开展MVSIAs的省共接种目标儿童94208609人,报告接种率97.60%;共调查适龄儿童367558人,调查接种率97.71%;共报告预防接种异常反应1060例,发生率1.13/10万;对开展MVSIAs的省麻疹疫情进行分析,强化免疫之后麻疹发病水平明显下降,部分省不仅8月龄～14岁目标人群麻疹发病下降,同时<8月龄和>14岁的非目标人群发病也下降。结论开展MVSIAs后的省麻疹发病大幅下降。实施MVSIAs的关键环节包括:前期摸底登记是关键,组织领导、宣传培训、物流是保障,安全有效接种、全程督导是重点,同时要及时对SIAs进行评估。
Objective To summarize the 2009 Supplementary Immunization Activities (SIAs) and Measles Attenuated Live Vaccine (MV) immunization activities (SIAs) in 13 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) in China. Methods The epidemiological data of vaccination, on-site investigation, supervision, post-immunization summary report and statutory infectious disease reporting system during MVSIAs were comprehensively analyzed. Results In 2009, a total of 94,208,609 children were vaccinated in the province with MVSIAs. The vaccination coverage rate was 97.60%. A total of 367,558 school-age children were surveyed with a survey inoculation rate of 97.71%. A total of 1060 cases of vaccination anomalous reactions were reported, with a rate of 1.13 per 100000 ; Measles epidemic situation of provinces carrying MVSIAs was analyzed and the incidence of measles after intensive immunization decreased significantly. In some provinces, not only the incidence of measles in the target population aged 8 months to 14 years decreased, but also the incidence of measles in <8 months old and> 14 years old non-target population decline. Conclusion The incidence of measles in the province after MVSIAs decreased significantly. The key aspects of the implementation of MVSIAs include: early mapping thoroughly is the key, organizational leadership, publicity and training, logistics is safeguarded, safe and effective vaccination, full supervision is the key, at the same time to evaluate SIAs in a timely manner.